Yr13 🟠 4.1 Linear Motion: Definitions, Equations & Units of Vectors & Scalars

Question 1

What is a scalar quantity

Answer 1

When measurements are only described in terms of magnitude

Mass distance speed

Question 2

What is a vector quantity

Answer 2

When measurements are described in terms of magnitude / size and direction

weight acceleration displacement velocity and momentum

Question 3

How is a vector usually represented

Answer 3

Through arrows, longer the arrow, the greater magnitude

Question 4

Mass

Answer 4

Quantity of matter the body possesses

Question 5

Weight

Answer 5

Gravitational force exerted on an object

Question 6

Measurement of mass

Answer 6

Kilograms (kg)

Question 7

Measurement of weight

Answer 7

Newtons (N)

Question 8

Equation linking weight mass gravity

Answer 8

Mass (kg) x gravity (9.8) = weight (N)

Question 9

Distance

Answer 9

Measured in M, path a body takes as it moves from the starting to the finishing position

Question 10

Displacement

Answer 10

Measured in metres, shortest route in a straight line between start and finish

Question 11

Speed

Answer 11

Measured in metres per second (m/s), body’s movement per unit of time with no reference to direction

Question 12

Velocity

Answer 12

Measured in m/s, rate of change of displacement

Question 13

Equation for speed and velocity

Answer 13

Speed (m/s) = distance covered (m) / time taken (s)

Question 14

Distance time graph - straight horizontal line

Answer 14

Line does not go up or down so there is no distance travelled. Performer must be stationary

Question 15

Distance time graph - diagonal line

Answer 15

Constant diagonal direction indicating the distance run is changing at a constant rate and at the same speed, middle or long distance race

Question 16

Distance time graph - curved upwards

Answer 16

Curved, gradually getting steeper. Indicating that more distance is being covered in a certain amount of time so the performer must be accelerating. For example the first 20 m of a 100m race

Question 17

Distance time graph - curved to straight

Answer 17

The curve starts to level off and less distance is travelled in a certain amount of time. Meaning deceleration is occurring which would happen once the performer has reached the finish line

Question 18

Gradient calculation

Answer 18

Change in the y axis / change in the x axis

Shows the speed of movement measured

Question 19

In a velocity time graph, what does the line indicate

Answer 19

Whether the performer is travelling at a constant velocity, accelerating or decelerating

Question 20

In a velocity time graph, what does a straight horizontal line mean

Answer 20

Performer is travelling at a Constant velocity

Question 21

In a velocity time graph, what does an upwards curve indicate

Answer 21

Performer is moving with increasing velocity or accelerating

Question 22

In a velocity time graph what does a downwards curve indicate

Answer 22

Performer or object is moving with decreasing velocity or decelerating

Question 23

In a velocity time graph What does it mean if the line goes beneath the x axis

Answer 23

The Performer changed direction

Question 24

Acceleration

Answer 24

Measured in m/s-2 and is the rate of change in velocity

Question 25

Equation to work out acceleration

Answer 25

Change in velocity (m/s) / time To calculate change in velocity = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time

Question 26

Momentum

Answer 26

The product of the mass and velocity of an object

Question 27

Equation for momentum

Answer 27

Momentum (Kgm/s) = mass (kg) / velocity (m/s)

Question 28

Momentum - vector or scalar

Answer 28

Vector, magnitude and direction

Question 29

Acceleration - vector or scalar

Answer 29

Vector

Question 30

Velocity - vector or scalar

Answer 30

Vector

Question 31

Speed - vector or scalar

Answer 31

Scalar

Question 32

Displacement - vector or scalar

Answer 32

Vector

Question 33

Distance - vector or scalar

Answer 33

Scalar

Question 34

Weight - vector or scalar

Answer 34

Vector

Question 35

Mass - vector or scalar

Answer 35

Scalar