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Paramedic Lecture: 2nd Semester > Cardiac Vocabulary: Part 1 > Flashcards

Cardiac Vocabulary: Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiovascular Disease

A

Disease affection the heart, peripheral blood vessels, or both

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2
Q

Coronary Heart Disease

A

A type of cardiovascular disease, the single largest killer of Americans.

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3
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

The graphic recording of the heart’s electrical activity. It may be displayed either on paper o on an oscilloscope.

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4
Q

Artifact

A

Deflection on the ECG produced by factors other than the heart’s electrical activity.

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5
Q

Einthoven’s triangle

A

The triangle around the heart formed by the bipolar limb leads

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6
Q

Augmented limb leads

A

Another term for unipolar limb leads, reflecting the fact that the ground lead is disconnected, which increased the amplitude of deflection on the ECG tracing. Includes leads aVR, aVL, aVF

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7
Q

Unipolar Limb Leads

A

Electrocardiogram leads applied to the arms and legs, consisting of on polarized (positive) electrode and a non polarized reference point that is created by the ECG machine combining two additional electrodes; also called augmented limb leads; leads aVR, aVL, and aVF.

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8
Q

Precordial (chest) leads

A

Electrocardogram leads applied to the chest in a pattern that permits a view of the horizontal plane of the heart; leads V1-V6.

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9
Q

Prolonged QT interval

A

QT interval greater than .44 seconds.

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10
Q

Refractory period

A

The period of time when myocardial cells have not yet completely repolarized and cannot be stimulated again.

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11
Q

Absolute Refractory Period

A

The period of the cardiac cycle when stimulation will not produce any depolarization whatsoever.

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12
Q

Relative refractory period

A

The period of the cardiac cycle when a sufficiently strong stimulus may produce depolarization.

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13
Q

Dysrhythmia

A

Any deviation from the normal electrical rhythm of the heart

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14
Q

Arrhythmia

A

The absence of cardiac electrical activity; often used interchangeably with dysrhythmia.

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15
Q

Non-compensatory pause

A

Pause following an ectopic beat where the SA node is depolarized and the underlying cadence of the hear is interrupted.

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16
Q

Bruit

A

The sound of turbulent blood flow through ha vessel usually associated with atherosclerotic disease.

17
Q

Compensatory Pause

A

The pause following an ectopic beat where the SA node is unaffected and the cadence of the heart is uninterrupted.

18
Q

Interpolated Beat

A

A PVC that falls between two sinus beats without effectively interrupting the rhythm.

19
Q

Coupling Interval

A

Distance between the preceding beat and the PVC

20
Q

Aberrant Conduction

A

Conduction of the electrical impulse through the heart’s conductive system in an abnormal fashion.

21
Q

Bundle Branch Block

A

A kind of interventricular heart block in which conduction through either the right or left bundle branches is blocked or delayed.

22
Q

Bundle of Kent

A

An accessory AV conduction pathway that is thought to be responsible for the ECG findings of preexcitation syndrome.

23
Q

Ejection Fraction

A

When the ventricles of the heart contract and eject. about two thirds of the blood they contain.

24
Q

Stroke Volume

A

The amount of blood ejected from the heart

25
Q

Preload

A

The end-diastolic volume and influences the ford of the next contraction because of the stretch it exerts.

26
Q

Starling’s Law

A

Law of he heart that states that the more myocardial muscle is stretched, the greater its force of contraction will be.

27
Q

Afterload

A

The resistance against which hthe heart muscle must pump.

28
Q

Cardiac Output formula

A

Stroke volume x heart rate= Cardiac Output

29
Q

Chronotropy

A

Heart rate

30
Q

Inotropy

A

Contractile Strength

31
Q

Dromotropy

A

Rate of nervous impulse conduction

32
Q

What are the five electrolytes that effect the heart?

A

Sodium (Na+), Calcium (Ca++), Potassium (K+), Chloride (CT-), and Magnesium (Mg++)

33
Q

How does sodium play a role in the heart?

A

In depolarizing the myocardium

34
Q

How does calcium play a role in the heart?

A

Takes part in myocardial depolarization and myocardial contraction

35
Q

How does potassium play a role in the heart?

A

Influences repolarization

36
Q

Intercalated discs

A

Connect cardiac muscle fibers and conduct electrical impulses quickly from one muscle fiber to the next.

Paramedic Lecture: 2nd Semester (48 decks)

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