Allergies and Anaphylaxis Vocabulary

Question 1

Hymenoptera

Answer 1

Any of an order of highly specialized insects such as bees and wasps.

Question 2

Immune system

Answer 2

The body system responsible for combating infection

Question 3

Immune Response

Answer 3

Complex cascade of events within the body that works toward the destruction or inactivation of pathogens, abnormal cells, or foreign molecules.

Question 4

Pathogen

Answer 4

A disease-produccing agent of invading substance

Question 5

Toxin

Answer 5

Any poisonous chemical secrete by bacteria or released following destruction of the bacteria.

Question 6

Cellular Immunity

Answer 6

Immunity resulting from direct attack of a foreign substance by specialized cells of the immune system.

Question 7

Humoral Immunity

Answer 7

Immunity resulting from attack of an invading substance by antibodies

Question 8

Antibody

Answer 8

Principal agent of a chemical attack of an invading substance

Question 9

Immunoglobulin

Answer 9

Alternative term for antibody

Question 10

Antigen

Answer 10

Any substance that is capable, under appropriate conditions, of inducing a specific immune response.

Question 11

Primary resonse

Answer 11

Initial, generalized response to an antigen

Question 12

Secondary response

Answer 12

Resigns by the immune system that takes place if the body is exposed to the same antigen again; in secondary response, antibodies specific for the offending antigen are released.

Question 13

Natural immunity

Answer 13

Genetically predetermined immunity that is present at birth; also called innate immunity.

Question 14

Acquired immunity

Answer 14

Immunity that develops over time and results from exposure to an antigen.

Question 15

Naturally acquired immunity

Answer 15

Immunity that begins to develop after the birth and is continually enhanced by exposure to new pathogens and antigens throughout life.

Question 16

Induced active immunity

Answer 16

Immunity achieved through vaccination given to generate an immune response that results in the development of antibodies specific for the injected antigen; also called artificially acquired immunity.

Question 17

Active Immunity

Answer 17

Acquired immunity that occurs following exposure to an antigen and results in the production of antibodies specific for the antigen

Question 18

Passive Immunity

Answer 18

Acquired immunity that results from administration of antibodies either from mother to the infant across the placental barrier (natural passive immunity) or through vaccination (induced passive immunity).

Question 19

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is anaphylaxis?

Answer 19

Immediate hypersensitivity reaction.

Question 20

Basophil

Answer 20

Type of white blood cell that participates in allergic responses

Question 21

Mast cell

Answer 21

Specialized cell of the immune system which contains chemicals that assist in the immune response.

Question 22

Histamine

Answer 22

A product of mast cells and basophils that causes vasodilation, capillary permeability, bronchoconstriction, and contraction of the gut.

Question 23

Angioneurotic Edema

Answer 23

Marked edema of the skin that usually involves the head, neck, face, and upper airway; common manifestation of sever allergic reactions and anaphylaxis.

Question 24

Slow-reaction substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A)

Answer 24

Substance released from basophils and mast cells that causes spasm of the bronchiole smooth muscle, resulting in an asthma-like attack and occasionally asphyxia.

Question 25

What are t he four types of allergic reactions?

Answer 25

Immediate (Anaphylaxis)
Cytotoxic (transfusion)
Immune Complex (Lupus Erythematosis)
Delayed (Poison IV)