Muscles Classwork Flashcards
muscles are so important because they make up how much of the body’s mass
nearly half of the body’s mass
what can muscles transform chemical energy into
can transform energy in the cells, called ATP into directed mechanical energy which is capable of exerting force
whats the 3 types of muscle
cardiac smooth skeletal
what are muscles 4 main characteristics
exciteabli contractibility Extensibility Elasticity
Excitability
(responsiveness) ability to receive and respond to stimuli
Contractability
Ability to shorten forcibly when stimulated
Extensibility
ability to be stretched
Elasticity
ability to recoil to resting length
what is skeletal muscle
an organ made up of diff. tissues with three features: NERVE AND BLOOD SUPPLY, CONNECTIVE TISSUE SHEATHS, and ATTATCHMENTS
each muscle receives a nerve, artery, and vein. How are they consciously controlled
Consciously controlled skeletal muscle has nerves supplying every fiber to control activity
contracting muscle fibers require huge amounts of what two things?
oxygen and nutrients they also need waste products to be removed quickly
what are the two functional groups
Prime mover(agonist) Antagonist
Prime mover
aka Agonist Major responsibility for producing specific movement
Antagonist
Opposes or reverses particular movement
Prime mover and antagonist are located where
opposite sides of joint across which they act
Synergist
helps prime movers adds extra force to same movement reduces undesireable or unnecessary movement
Fixator
-Synergist that immobilizes bone or muscles origin -Gives prime mover stable base on which to act
Some muscle may be….
- prime mover of one movement - antagonist for diff. movement -synergist for third movement
whats the 7 ways muscles are named?
location, shape, size, direction of muscle pairs(fascicles), number of origins, location of attatchments Muscle action
muscle location
bone or body region w/ which muscle associated ex: temporalis
whats an ex. of a muscle named for the direction of muscle fibers
Rectus, transversus -All skeletal muscles consist of fascicles (bundles of fibers) -fibers arrangements vary, resulting in muscles w/ different shapes and functional capabilities -the most common patterns of arrangements
whats the 3 most common patterns of arrangement
Circular Congruent Parrallell Pennate
insertion
attatchment to movable bone