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Cardiology > BUZZWORDS > Flashcards

BUZZWORDS Flashcards

1
Q

patient has fever and pleuritic chest pain that is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward

A

pericarditis

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2
Q

what does an irregularly irregular pulse mean?

A

atrial fibrillation

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3
Q

what does it mean when there is a saw tooth baseline on an ECG with 150bpm?

A

atrial flutter

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4
Q

alveolar bats wings, kerely b lines, cardiomegaly, dilated prominent upper lobe vessels, pleural effusion

A

pulmonary oedema

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5
Q

what casuses a raised JVP?

A

right sided heart failure

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6
Q

sense of impending doom

A

MI

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7
Q

saddle shaped ST elevation

A

pericarditis

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8
Q

broad complex tachycardia

A

ventricular problem

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9
Q

mid diastolic murmur with a tapping, undisplaced apex

A

mitral stenosis

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10
Q

broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R wave

A

wolf-parkinson-white syndrome

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11
Q

tall, tented T waves

A

hyperkalaemia

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12
Q

patient gets pericardidits 4-6 weeks post MI

A

dresslers syndrome

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13
Q

blurred yellow vision headache

A

digoxin toxicity

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14
Q

janeway lesions/oslers nodes

A

subacute bacterial endocarditis

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15
Q

continuous machine like heart murmur

A

patent ductus arteriosus

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16
Q

rib notching on CXR

A

coarctation of aorta

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17
Q

crescendo decrescendo murmur

A

aortic stenosis

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18
Q

dimished absent lower limb pulses

A

coarctation of the aorta

19
Q

MRS ASS

A

mitral regurgitation systolic, aortic stenosis systolic

20
Q

side effects of ACEi

A

dry cough, contraindicted in renal artery stenosis

21
Q

radial-radial delay

A

aortic dissection (tear in wall of aorta)/coarctation of aorta

22
Q

collapsing pulse

A

aortic regurgitation

23
Q

slow rising pulse

A

aortic stenosis

24
Q

splinter haemorrhages

A

infective endocarditis

  • stap aureus = main cause, prosthetic valves or IV drug users
  • strep viridans (a haemolytic) present in mouth after dental surgery
25
Q

atrial myxoma

A

a noncancerous tumour in the upper left or right side of the heart, most often grown on the wall that separates the two sides of the heart

26
Q

cardiac tamponade

A

collection of blood/fluid/ups/clot/gas around the heart/pericardia space that prevents contraction
medical emergency

27
Q

treatment of pericarditis

A

pain relief, NSAIDs

28
Q

tetralogy of a fallot

A

a congenital heart disease with these main features: a large ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular outflow obstruction and right ventricular hypertrophy

29
Q

wide pulse pressure

A

aortic regurgitation, aortic dissection, complete heart block, thyrotoxicosis, persistent doctor arterioles

30
Q

causes of atrial fibrilation

A 
a - alcohol
t - thyroid problems
r - rheumatic fever
i - idiopathic
a - atrial myxoma
l - lung eg PE, emphysema

f - phechromocytoma
i - ischaemia
b - blood pressure

31
Q

reversible causes of cardiac arrest

A

hypovolaemia, hypothremia, hyper/hypokalaemia, hypoxia

tamponade, tension pnauemothorax, thormboembolism, toxin

32
Q

acute limb ischaemia

A

pale, pulseless, painful, paralysed, paraesthetic, perishingly cold

33
Q

shock - treatments and types

A

an old virgin hides cause other virgins slag adult abstinence
Abcde, Oxygen, Volume replacement Hypovalae,oc,Inotroped for Cardiogenic, Chest drain for Obstructive, Vasopressors for Septic, Adrenaline for Anaphylaxis

34
Q

is HDL or LDL the bad cholesterol?

A

LDL is bad

HDL is happy

35
Q

what is cardiac tamponade a result of?

A
  • increased intra-pericardial pressure
36
Q

what can anginal pain be described as?

A
  • tight crushing retrosternal pain
37
Q

what is platelet aggregation inhibited by in the peripheral arteries?

A
  • prostacyclin which is produced by the endothelium
38
Q

what are the 2 currents of the SA node?

A
  • backward inward current

- funny current

39
Q

what does the funny current do?

A
  • ionic flow through channels activated in hyperpolarised cells
40
Q

what is the ryanodine receptor?

A
  • how Ca+ gets from SR to the plateau phase
41
Q

what is the ryanodine receptor calcuim-release channels regulated by?

A
  • nitric oxide

protein calstabin 2

42
Q

what s the force of cardiac muscle contraction (inotropic state) regulated by?

A
  • influx of calcium ions into the cell through sodium channels
43
Q

what does the binding of myocyte B1 adrenergic receptor and adrenaline stimulate and what does it enhance?

A
  • membrane-bound adenylate kinases
  • these enhance production of cGMP which activates intracellular protein kinases which in turn phosphorylate cellular proteins
44
Q

what regulates the return of calcium from the cystol to the SR?

A
  • phosphalamban

Cardiology (40 decks)

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