Flashcards in Arthrology of the Anterior Thorax and The Head (The Skull and Cranial Fossae) Deck (43):
1
What is the joint classification of the costochondral joint?
Cartilagenous (amphiarthrosis) synchondrosis
2
What ligaments are present at the first sternocostal or sternochondral joint?
No ligaments are present
3
What is the classification of the second-seventh sternocostal or sternochondral joint?
Synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
4
Which of the sternocostal or sternochondral ligaments is unique to the second sternocostal or sternochondral joint?
The intra-articular ligament
5
What is the classification of the sixth through the ninth interchondral joints?
Synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
6
What is the classification of the fifth-sixth or ninth-tenth interchondral joint?
Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
7
What is the appearance of the intersection of the coronal and sagittal sutures called?
The bregma
8
What is the appearance of the intersection of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures called?
The lambda
9
What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at the intersection of the frontal bone with both parietal bones?
The anterior fontanelle
10
What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at the intersection of the occipital bone with both parietal bones?
The posterior fontanelle
11
What is the glabella?
The elevation of bone over the frontal sinus between the orits
12
What is the name given to the outline of the nasal cavity at the front of the skull?
Piriform aperture
13
What is the name given to the alveolar jugum of the canine tooth in the maxilla?
Canine eminence
14
What forms a bullet-like chin?
A large mental protuberance
15
What forms an indented chin?
Well developed bilateral mental tubercles and a slight mental protuberance
16
What is the tip of the external occipital protuberance called?
The inion
17
What is the name of the linear elevation lateral to the external occipital protuberance?
Superior nuchal line
18
What is the appearance of suture intersections just above the zygomatic arch called?
The pterion
19
What is the appearance of suture intersections just above the mastoid process called?
The asterion
20
What points on the skull are used to measure the skull size?
The nasion, vertex, inion, and gnathion
21
What points on the skull are used to measure cranial vault capacity?
The nasion, vertex, and inion
22
What is the appearance of the suture intersections over the hard palate called?
The cruciate or cruciform suture
23
What is the posterior boundary of the anterior cranial fossa?
A line drawn along the lesser wing of the sphenoid, anterior clinoid processes, and sphenoidal jugum
24
What passes through the cribriform plate?
Fila olfactoria of cranial nerve I, the olfactory nerve
25
An emissary vein leaves the anterior cranial fossa via what opening?
Foramen cecum
26
What is the posterior boundary of the middle cranial fossa?
Superior border of petrous part of temporal bone, posterior clinoid processes and dorsum sella of sphenoid bone
27
What are the parts of the sella turcica?
Anterior clinoid processes, sphenoidal jugum, posterior clinoid processes, dorsum sella, and hypophysial fossa of sphenoid bone
28
What forms the roof of the sella turcica?
Diaphragma sella
29
What are the contents of the optic canal?
The optic nerve and ophthalmic artery
30
What are the contents of the superior orbital fissure?
The ophthalmic veins, the oculomotor nerve, the trochlear nerve, the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, and the abducent nerve
31
What is unique about the ophthalmic artery and veins?
Unlike other artery-vein combinations they will not share the same opening the ophthalmic artery is in the optic canal, ophthalmic veins are in the superior orbital fissure
32
What are the contents of the foramen rotundum?
The maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve Vb)
33
What are the contents of the foramen ovale?
The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (Vc) and the lesser petrosal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve
34
What are the contents of the foramen spinosum?
The nervus spinosus from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve and the middle meningeal artery
35
What forms the vidian nerve/nerve of the pterygoid canal?
The greater (superficial) petrosal nerve from the facial nerve and the deep petrosal nerve from the carotid sympathetic nerve plexus
36
What are the contents of the hiatus for the lesser petrosal nerve?
The lesser petrosal nerve, a branch of the tympanic plexus from the glossopharyngeal nerve
37
How will the lesser petrosal nerve typically exit the middle cranial fossa?
The foramen ovale
38
What forms the roof of the posterior cranial fossa?
The tentorium cerebelli
39
What part of the cerebrum occupies the posterior cranial fossa?
None; the tentorium cerebelli separates the cerebrum into a space above the posterior cranial fossa
40
What are the contents of the internal acoustic meatus?
Cranial nerves VII (facial nerve) and VIII (vestibulocochlear/auditory nerve), the nervus intermedius/nerve of Wrisberg/sensory root of VII and the motor root of VII, the vestibular and cochlear roots of VIII, and the internal auditory/internal labyrinthine artery and vein
41
What are the contents of the jugular foramen?
The jugular bulb, the inferior petrosal sinus, the tympanic body/tympanic glomus or jugular body/jugular glomus, cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), and XI (spinal accessory)
42
What is the name of the venous expansion between the sigmoid dural venous sinus and the internal jugular veins?
The jugular bulb
43