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Question 1

What are the 3 STP phases?

Answer 1

Acute, Subacute, Chronic.

Question 2

Goals of acute/inflammatory phase STP?

Answer 2

Protect, reduce pain/swelling/spasm, prevent secondary injury.

Question 3

Common treatments in acute phase STP?

Answer 3

Rest, ice, compression, elevation, protection, light motion, NSAIDs.

Question 4

Goals of subacute/repair phase STP?

Answer 4

Continue pain/swelling control, promote healing, restore mobility.

Question 5

Treatments in subacute phase?

Answer 5

Ice/heat combo, contrast baths, moderate stretching, massage, ultrasound, exercise progression.

Question 6

Goals of chronic/remodeling phase STP?

Answer 6

Aggressive stretching, strengthen tissue, return to functional activities.

Question 7

Treatments in chronic phase?

Answer 7

Heat, advanced rehab, sports-specific drills, advanced modalities.

Question 8

Main effects of cryotherapy?

Answer 8

↓ pain, ↓ spasm, ↓ metabolism, ↓ swelling, vasoconstriction.

Question 9

What does CBAN stand for in cryotherapy?

Answer 9

Cold, Burn, Ache, Numb.

Question 10

Typical application times for cryotherapy?

Answer 10

Bags 20–30 min, ice cup 7–12 min, whirlpool 10–20 min.

Question 11

Precautions/contraindications for cryotherapy?

Answer 11

Cold allergies, Raynaud’s, superficial nerves, poor circulation/sensation.

Question 12

Why does ice numb an area?

Answer 12

Slows nerve conduction and pain signal transmission.

Question 13

Effects of thermotherapy?

Answer 13

↓ pain, ↓ spasm, vasodilation, ↑ collagen elasticity, ↑ blood flow.

Question 14

When should thermotherapy not be used?

Answer 14

Acute injuries, infection, poor circulation, decreased sensation.

Question 15

Typical application times for heat?

Answer 15

10–30 minutes.

Question 16

Temperature ranges for hot whirlpools?

Answer 16

99–110°F.

Question 17

What is a contrast bath?

Answer 17

Alternating hot/cold immersion or packs to pump swelling out.

Question 18

When to end with heat vs. cold in contrast bath?

Answer 18

End with heat if activity follows, cold if no activity follows.

Question 19

Effects of E-stim?

Answer 19

Pain modulation, swelling reduction, muscle contraction, ↓ atrophy.

Question 20

Acute swelling effect of E-stim?

Answer 20

Drives fluids away from site.

Question 21

Chronic swelling effect of E-stim?

Answer 21

Muscle pumping action.

Question 22

What is iontophoresis?

Answer 22

Using E-stim to drive medications through skin.

Question 23

Effects of ultrasound?

Answer 23

Thermal (heat) or non-thermal (healing).

Question 24

Can ultrasound be used on acute injuries?

Answer 24

Yes, if pulsed (non-thermal).

Question 25

What is phonophoresis?

Answer 25

Using ultrasound to drive medications into the body.

Question 26

Effects of massage?

Answer 26

Reduces swelling, breaks scar tissue, relaxation, improved circulation.

Question 27

Common massage techniques?

Answer 27

Effleurage (milking), cross-friction.

Question 28

When should static stretching be used in rehab?

Answer 28

Early phases of healing.

Question 29

Recommended hold time for static stretching?

Answer 29

At least 10 seconds, ideally 30.

Question 30

What is contract-relax stretching?

Answer 30

Stretch muscle → isometric contract 7–10 sec → relax → stretch again.