Complimentary Alternative Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

There are regulating aspects of governing availability, standardization & use of herbal supplements?

True or False

A

False

  • no regulations in place for quality control of herbal products
  • do not have to demonstrate accurate labeling, purity of contents, or use of good manufacturing practices
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2
Q

Which of the CAM therapies are performed by non-licensed personnel?

A

Homeopathy

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3
Q

Chiropractors

-what is the basis of their practice?

A

emphasize, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders especially the spine

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4
Q

Natropathy

-what is the basis of their practice?

A

they believe the body has a natural power to heal itself.

-use hydrotherapy, massage, exercise therapy, life counseling, herbal medicines

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5
Q

Homeopathy

-what is the basis of their practice?

A

“like cures like”
“potentization” - step-wise dilutions in the preparations of their medications

***meta analyses failed to demonstrate homeopathic preparation are effective treatments for any disease.

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6
Q

Acupuncture

-what is the basis of their practice?

A

needles used to maintain the bodies harmonious balance

*most likely to be recommended by conventional medical professionals.

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7
Q

Complications of needle use?

A
  • disease transmission
  • needle fragment left in body
  • pneumothorax
  • pneuomoperitoneum (air/gas in abdominal cavity)
  • organ puncture
  • cardiac tampnade (fluid accumulation in pericardial sac)
  • osteomyelitis (inflamm of bone d/t infection)
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8
Q

Populations who should avoid herbal supplements:

A
  • pregnant/nursing women
  • infants/children
  • elderly
  • surgical patients
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9
Q

Echinacea

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Use
-treat and prevent URI

Adverse effects

  • dyspepsia (heartburn)
  • diarrhea
  • unpleasant taste

No effect on bleeding

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10
Q

Garlic

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Use

  • lower cholesterol
  • thins blood
  • anti-atherosclerotic effects

Adverse Effects

  • bad breathe and body odor (enters blood stream)
  • GI SE & allergic rxns

Interaction w/ bleeding- YES, inhibit platelet aggregation

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11
Q

Gingko

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Use

  • improves cognitive function in pt w/ alzheimers
  • depression
  • vertigo
  • PVD
  • macular degeneration

Adverse Effects

  • GI upset
  • HA

Interaction w/ bleeding: yes, inhibits binding of platelet activating factor

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12
Q

What herbs cause an increased risk of bleeding?

A

Garlic, Ginsing, Gingko, Ginger, Saw Palmeto, Red Yeast Rice, black cohoash

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13
Q

Ginseng

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Use

  • improves health of those recovering from illness
  • increase stamina and well being
  • erectile dysfunction
  • menopause

Adverse Effects

  • HA
  • GI distress
  • insomnia
  • palpitations
  • menstrual irregularities

Interaction w/ bleeding: yes, alters hemostasis.

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14
Q

St. Johns Wart

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Use
-depression

Adverse Effects:

  • GI symptoms
  • dizziness
  • confusion
  • sedation
  • photosensitivity
  • dry mouth
  • urinary frequency
  • anorgasmia
  • edma

NO interaction w/ bleeding

*Reduces the effectiveness of over the counter contraceptives

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15
Q

Saw Palmeto

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Use
-benign prostatic hypertrophy

Adverse effects

  • HA
  • nausea
  • dizziness
  • HTN
  • erectile dysfunction

Interaction w/ bleeding: YES, if combined w/ antiplatelet/anticoagulants

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16
Q

Black Cohoash

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Uses

  • anti-inflamm effects d/t small amounts of salicylic acid**
  • menstrual symptoms, hot flashes
  • muscle spasm
  • arthritis
  • PMS

Adverse effects

  • N/V
  • HA
  • hypotension
  • weight gain
  • CI in pts w/ hx of estrogen dependent tumors
  • acts like estrogen
  • CI in pregnant, lactating, endometrial cancer, and estrogen dependent tumors

Interactions w/ bleeding: YES, increased blood thinning effects if taken w/ salycylates

17
Q

Fish oil/Omega 3 fatty acids

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Use

  • lower triglycerides
  • may lower dementia
  • essential in brain development
  • reduce risk of sudden cardiac death in coronary heart disease

Adverse Effects

  • GI effects (nausea)
  • fishy taste

Interaction w/ bleeding? NO

18
Q

Red Yeast Rice

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Use

  • promote blood circulation
  • lowers LDL & Cholesterol

Adverse Effects

  • HA
  • Dizziness
  • Gas, Heartburn
  • Stomach ache
  • bloating
  • muscle aches (potential rhabdomyalsis)

Interaction w/ bleeding: Yes, may thin the blood.

19
Q

Niacin

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Use

  • metab of carbs, fatty acids, protein
  • lower LDL and cholesterol

Adverse Effects

  • flushing
  • N/T
  • itching (pruiritis)
  • constipation
  • hives
  • myopathy
  • elevate uric acid levels causing gout
  • liver toxicity

Interaction / bleeding? NO

20
Q

Hawthorne Berry

  • use
  • adverse effects
  • interaction with bleeding?
A

Uses

  • treat CHF
  • improve cardiac function and exercise tolerance

Adverse Effects

  • Nausea
  • sedation
  • arrhythmias
  • hypotension

Interaction w/ bleeding?? NO

21
Q

What is a STATIN

A

class of cholesterol lowering drugs that inhibit the enzyme HGM-CoA reductase which plays central role in the production of cholesterol

*statins lower cholesterol