Nutritional Counseling

Question 1

Recommendations for healthy eating

Answer 1

• limit refined grains
• limit solid fats, sugars, and sodium
• consume alcohol in moderation (1drink women, 2drink men/day)
• consume more K+, dietary fiber, calcium, and vit. D
• more veggies
• lean meats and poultry
• eggs,beans, nuts, seeds

Question 2

Why is it important to consume nutrient dense foods?

Answer 2

• complex carbs, fiber, & protein provide stable blood sugar and extended feelings of fullness.

Question 3

Recommended time of exercise for adults

Answer 3

to decrease risk of chronic disease—> 30minutes of moderate intensity most days of week

to manage weight—> 60minutes moderate intensity most days of the week

to lose weight—> 60-90mins of moderate intensity exercise daily.

Question 4

Guidelines on fat for adults

Answer 4

keep trans fatty acids low
10% should be sat’d fats
20-35% of energy should come from fat

Question 5

Types of fat and where they come from

Answer 5

Sat’d-animal fat, milk,eggs, meat,butter, cheese

Mono sat’d: olive oil

Polyunsaturated: omega 6 (vegetable oil) & omega 3 (fish oils)

Trans: margarine, baked goods, snack chips, imitation cheese, processed foods.

Question 6

Etiology of weight loss

Answer 6

• Inadequate intake: depression, lack of funds, GI problems,chronic illness
• Excess requrements: increased metabolic demands, thryoid abnormalities (hyperthyroidism), excessive excercise (anorexia)
• cancer

Question 7

Evaluation of weight loss

Answer 7

-measure BMI

Question 8

Etiologies of weight gain

Answer 8

• increased intake
• decreased metabolism: aging, thyroid problems(hypothyroidism), menopause, sedentary lifesstyle

-Fluid retention: heart failure, liver failure/cancer, ovarian cancer(metastases in abd and secret fluid)

Question 9

Evaluation of weight gain

Answer 9

BMI elevated

CBC:
-CBC, CMP (elevated LFT, decreased albumin?), low TSH

Question 10

BMI Ranges

Answer 10

underweight: 18
normal:19-24
obese: 25-29
morbidly obese: >30

Question 11

serving sizes

Answer 11

I cup- fist

3oz-deck of cards

1/4cup- golf ball

1.5 oz- 6 dice

1tsp- tip of thumb

Question 12

Amount of physical activity for children

Answer 12

60mins each day!

limit screen time

Question 13

Approach to Nutritional Change

Answer 13

• identify their strength and identify areas for improvement
• good follow up for motivation
• tell them to use food diary
• prescribe little, attainable changes in a persons diet/eating behaviors