Obesity Flashcards

1
Q

OBESITY: the scope of the problem

A
  • obesity is a chronic disease

- GLOBAL EPIDEMIC

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2
Q

Etiologies of Obesity

A
Genetic factors
Environmental 
Physical Activity 
Secondary Causes: 
-Cushings, Insulinoma, hypothyroidism, hypothalamic, damage resulting in hyperphagia, growth hormone deficiency
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3
Q

What are the comorbidities associated w/ being overweight & obese

A
  • T2DM
  • HTN
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Heart Disease: CHD, Heart failure,Atrial fibrillation
  • Stroke
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Sleep apnea
  • Cancer
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4
Q

Treatment of Obesity

A

-diet: decrease food intake, increase energy expenditure, behavior modification (food diary)

Exercise

Medication: BMI >30
-Lorcarserin (Belvaq): selective antagonist of seritonin, decrease appetite, may be habit forming, use no > 60mo

  • Orlistat (Alli,Xenical): lipase inhibitor, inhibits absorption of dietary fats, may use this long term
  • Phentermine (Adipex-P): anorectic agent, amphetamine like, use no longer than 3mo.

Surgery:
-Lap-band: restrictive process, limits amount of food

-Sleeve Gastrectomy: reduces stomach capacity

  • Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: restrictive AND malabsorptive
  • duodenum is bypassed: you dont absorb vitamins, calories, etc. Reattach duodenum to jejunum for pancreatic and gallbladder enzymes
  • all three surgeries done laproscopically
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5
Q

Types of diets to treat obesity

A

Balanced-low calorie/portion controlled

low fat

low carb

Mediterranean diet

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6
Q

Indications for surgery

A
  • motivated

- BMI>40 or BMI

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