Electron Configuration

Question 1

Wavelength

Answer 1

Distance between two adjacent crests or two adjacent troughs

Question 2

frequency

Answer 2

Number of cycles that pass a given point in one second (per second)

Question 3

1 Hz =

Answer 3

1 cycle/second

Question 4

As wavelength decreases…

Answer 4

frequency increases & energy of the wave increases

Question 5

Relationship between freuquency and wavelength

Answer 5

(λ)(f) = C (speed of light)

Question 6

Speed of light (C)

Answer 6

3.00 x 10^8 m/s

Question 7

Photon

Answer 7

light particle

Question 8

Energy of a photon formula

Answer 8

hf or hc/λ

Question 9

ground state

Answer 9

electron in the lowest energy level

Question 10

Excited state

Answer 10

An electron has absorbed energy and moved to a higher energy level

Question 11

When the electron drops back down to a lower energy level,

Answer 11

Energy is emitted in the form of visible light

Question 12

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Answer 12

You cannot measure the EXACT location and speed of an electron at the same time

Question 13

Debrogie’s Dualistic Nature of Matter

Answer 13

matter has both particle and wave properties

Question 14

Schrodinger’s Wave Equations

Answer 14

used to predict the most probable location of an electron in an atom

Question 15

Electrons are on…

Answer 15

3D quantized space orbitals

Question 16

All orbitals together form…

Answer 16

an electron cloud

Question 17

P.E.L. (shells)

Answer 17

Number of energy levels

Question 18

Period (Row) Number

Answer 18

Shows the number of occupied energy levels an element has

Shown on the periodic table

Question 19

n = x represents…

Answer 19

Energy level

Question 20

S block

Answer 20

First appearing energy level
1 orbital pair, 2 electrons

Question 21

P block

Answer 21

Appears after the S block
3 orbital pairs, 6 electrons

Question 22

D block

Answer 22

Appears after the P block
5 orbital pairs, 10 electrons

Question 23

F block

Answer 23

Appears after the D block
7 orbital pairs, 14 electrons

Question 24

Electrons in an orbital pair must have

Answer 24

oppisite spins

Question 25

Orbital Filling Diagram

Answer 25

Lines representing orbital pairs Arrows drawn up and down to show opposite spins of electrons in an orbital pair

Question 26

Aufbau's Principle

Answer 26

Electrons are placed outside the nucleus in order of increasing energy

Question 27

Pauli's Exclusion principle

Answer 27

2 electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins

Question 28

Hund's rule

Answer 28

When placing electrons, each orbital pair must have one (same spin) electron before you pair them up.

Question 29

Cr Exception

Answer 29

4s^1 3d^5

Question 30

Cu exception

Answer 30

4s^1 3d^10

Question 31

Cr and Cu exceptions are because...

Answer 31

d sublevels that are 1/2 or fully filled are more stable than partially filled

Question 32

unpaired electrons cause...

Answer 32

Increased spin state Magnetism

Question 33

Shorthand Notation

Answer 33

Utilize elements in the P6 column to represent completed energy levels

Question 34

Excited state Configuation

Answer 34

maintains same number of electrons as the ground state configuration

Question 35

Electron Configuration for positive ions

Answer 35

Formed when an atom loses 1,2, or 3 electrons from its outermost energy level (empties out) 1 electron in OMEL --> loses 1 and so on...

Question 36

Electron Configuration for negative ions

Answer 36

Formed when an atom gains 1,2, or 3 electrons to fill its outermost energy level

Question 37

Valence shells

Answer 37

Electrons found in an atom's outermost P.E.L. used for joining atoms to make molecules Consists of electrons found in the S and P blocks

Question 38

Noble Gases

Answer 38

All have completely filled valence shells All have 8 valence electrons (octet) Exception: helium ( 2 valence electrons) An octet is the most stable form of an atom

Question 39

Electron dot diagrams

Answer 39

Placed around the symbol of the atom in appropriate orbital arrangement (Hund's rule) D and F block elements do not have electron dot diagrams

Question 40

Column of elements (group) shows...

Answer 40

Last digit = number of valence electrons

Question 41

2n^2

Answer 41

Formula for the maximum number of electrons that can fit into a P.E.L.

Question 42

Kernel

Answer 42

Part of the atom exclusive of the valence electrons