Flashcards in Heme/oncology Deck (165)
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What population is most likely to be diagnosed with osteogenic sarcoma? How do they present ?
Black teenager who presents with bone pain
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What diagnosis should you consider in a teenager with leg pain who is going through a growth spurt?
Osteogenic sarcoma
2
What is the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma ? (2)
Amputation or limb salvage
Chemotherapy
3
What is the most common site of metastasis from osteogenic sarcoma?
Lung
4
What type of bone sarcoma presents with a soft tissue component?
Ewing sarcoma
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What is the most common type of solid tumor in children?
Brain tumors
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What diagnosis presents with left leg pain that is worse at night but relieved with ibuprofen?
Osteoid osteoma
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What is the diagnosis of a femur with central radiolucent area surrounded by thick sclerotic bone?
Osteoid osteoma
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What are 3 poor prognostic signs of ALL?
Age <2
WBC > 50
T cell precursor
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Which sanctuary sites of ALL are most resistant to therapy and common sites of relapse?
CNS and testes
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What is the correct first step in diagnosis in a child with unexplained lymphadenopathy and cough?
Chest X-ray
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What diagnosis should you consider in a teenager who presents with non tender cervical lymph node and high WBCs?
Hodgkin lymphoma
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What cells would you expect to find on lymph node biopsy in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma ?
Reed sternberg
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What is the first course of action in a patient with fever who has had splenectomy?
Sepsis workup
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What is the difference between lymphoblastic and nonlymphoblastic non Hodgkin lymphoma?
Lymphoblastic is t. Cell origin and non lymphoblastic is b. Cell origin
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Where are the 3 most common sites of mass secondary to non Hodgkin lymphoma ?
Head, neck, abdomen
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What 3 tumors should you consider in a child with non tender abdominal mass?
Wilms
Neuroblastoma
Non Hodgkin lymphoma
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What is the difference in bone marrow findings between leukemia and lymphoma?
Leukemia has >25% blasts
Lymphomas has <25% blasts
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How is langerhans cell histiocytosis diagnosed?
Skin biopsy and electron microscopy
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How is langerhans cell histiocytosis treated ? (3)
Surgery, steroids or chemo
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What diagnosis should you consider in a patient with a lytic skull lesion and seborrheic rash?
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
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What urinary problems are associated with langerhans cell histiocytosis?
Diabetes insipidus and excessive urination
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Where is the most common place for presentation of neuroblastoma?
Adrenal gland
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What is the prognosis of neuroblastoma?
Survival 95% if occurs prior to 1 year - poor prognosis of older than 1
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How is neuroblastoma diagnosed?
Tumor biopsy or high urine VMA/HMA plus bone marrow tumor
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What is the best imaging study to find neuroblastoma?
CT with contrast
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What are 3 common lab abnormalities associated with neuroblastoma ?
Pancytopenia
Elevated ferritin
Elevated LDH
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What is the most Likely cause of HTN in a patient with neuroblastoma?
Renal artery compression
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What diagnosis should you consider in a patient with non tender abdominal mass, HTN and diarrhea ?
Neuroblastoma
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