Calcium Flashcards
(19 cards)
what induces the synthesis of all 3 calcium transport proteins
calcitrol
what are the 3 transport proteins of calcium
- TRPV6
- calbindin D9K
- vitamin D dependent calcium ATPase
calcium is best sourced in what foods
grains and vegetables
what are the 4 enhancers of calcium absorption
- vitamin D
- lactose
- sugar alcohols
- protein
unabsorbed dietary fatty acids form insoluble _____ which are excreted into the feces as
calcium soaps
steatorrhea
high plasma phosphorus can ___ calcitriol production in kidneys leading to _____
reduce
reduce calcium absorption
when plasma calcium is low, ____ is released from parathyroid gland
PTH (parathyroid hormone)
what are the 3 mechanisms PTH return Ca plasma back to normal
- increase osteoclast activity
- increases the renal tubular absorption of Ca
- increases synthesis of calcitriol by activating 1-hydroxylase
calcitriol increases production of 3 Ca absorption proteins in ______
enterocytes
- TRPV6
- calbindin D9K
- Ca-ATPase
calcitriol increases production of ____ and ___ in the ____
kidney
- TRPV5
- calbindin D28K
what is released with Ca is too high in the plasma
parafollicular cells of thyroid gland release calcitonin
what are the 2 functions of calcitonin
- inhibit osteoclast activity
2. reduce renal Ca absorption
extracellular Ca concentration can be ______ x greater than intracellular
10,000
Ca from sarcoplasmic reticulum binds to ____ to initiate the skeletal or cardiac muscle cross bridge cycle
troponin C
Ca binds to ______ for smooth muscle contraction
calmodulin
each lobe in smooth muscle contraction contains ___ calcium binding sites and thus each calmodulin binds ___ calcium ions
2
4
high protein concentration: ___ Ca excretion and ____ Ca absorption
high
high
Ca can diminish absorption of ____ and influence serum lipid concentrations
fatty acids (decrease total and LDL cholesterol)
increase in Ca intake (600mg or greater): _____ in blood pressure
decrease
