Flashcards in Calcium Deck (19)
Loading flashcards...
1
what induces the synthesis of all 3 calcium transport proteins
calcitrol
2
what are the 3 transport proteins of calcium
1. TRPV6
2. calbindin D9K
3. vitamin D dependent calcium ATPase
3
calcium is best sourced in what foods
grains and vegetables
4
what are the 4 enhancers of calcium absorption
1. vitamin D
2. lactose
3. sugar alcohols
4. protein
5
unabsorbed dietary fatty acids form insoluble _____ which are excreted into the feces as
calcium soaps
steatorrhea
6
high plasma phosphorus can ___ calcitriol production in kidneys leading to _____
reduce
reduce calcium absorption
7
when plasma calcium is low, ____ is released from parathyroid gland
PTH (parathyroid hormone)
8
what are the 3 mechanisms PTH return Ca plasma back to normal
1. increase osteoclast activity
2. increases the renal tubular absorption of Ca
3. increases synthesis of calcitriol by activating 1-hydroxylase
9
calcitriol increases production of 3 Ca absorption proteins in ______
enterocytes
1. TRPV6
2. calbindin D9K
3. Ca-ATPase
10
calcitriol increases production of ____ and ___ in the ____
kidney
1. TRPV5
2. calbindin D28K
11
what is released with Ca is too high in the plasma
parafollicular cells of thyroid gland release calcitonin
12
what are the 2 functions of calcitonin
1. inhibit osteoclast activity
2. reduce renal Ca absorption
13
extracellular Ca concentration can be ______ x greater than intracellular
10,000
14
Ca from sarcoplasmic reticulum binds to ____ to initiate the skeletal or cardiac muscle cross bridge cycle
troponin C
15
Ca binds to ______ for smooth muscle contraction
calmodulin
16
each lobe in smooth muscle contraction contains ___ calcium binding sites and thus each calmodulin binds ___ calcium ions
2
4
17
high protein concentration: ___ Ca excretion and ____ Ca absorption
high
high
18
Ca can diminish absorption of ____ and influence serum lipid concentrations
fatty acids (decrease total and LDL cholesterol)
19
