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Animal Breeding Exam > Dog and Cat > Flashcards

Dog and Cat Flashcards

1
Q

When was the dog domesticated?

A

12 000 B.C. or earlier
1st animal to be domesticated
Hunting/guarding

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2
Q

Consequences of canine domestication

A

Biodiversity
Inbreeding
Temperament changes

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3
Q 
The diversity of dogs
Size
Coat
Conformation
Instinct
Relationship with humans
A

1-100 kg
Colour and quality, long short curly wire smooth
Head shape, Ear shape, Tail
Less instinct, some barely have any
Can recognize feelings and facial expressions

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4
Q

What are some relatives of the domestic dog

A

Wolf
Coyote
Jackal

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5
Q

Interspecies hybrids

A

Same chromosome number = 78
Can occur in the wild
fertile offspring

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6
Q

Czechoslovakian wolfdog

A

Carpathian wolf x GSD

Backcrossing, mainly GSD but looks like a wolf

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7
Q

Saarloos wolfdog

A

Eurasian wolf x GSD

More wolf than other hybrids

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8
Q

Dingo x domestic dog

A

Very common

Not a real hybrid

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9
Q

What is a breed standard?

A

Idealized general description of the typical breed characteristics
Also includes typical faults
Height, weight, proportions, coat

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10
Q

Kennel clubs/Breeding associations

A

Decides the breed standard and judging rules

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11
Q

Performance testing

A

Sheepdogs, shepherds, gundogs

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12
Q

Dog breed surveillance

A

KC
AKC
FCI

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13
Q

Favorite sire syndrome

Matadoravl

A

Strains and populations based on show winner males

GSD male father of 119 litters

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14
Q

Breeding methods of dogs

A

Purebreeding
Grading up
Blood refreshment
Line breeding

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15
Q

Important rules of dogs mating

A 
Phenotype resemblance
Avoid defects
Pos traits cannot correct neg traits
Fertile sire dog
Both prepotent
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16
Q

Methods of individual identification of dogs

A 
Nose print
Blood group analysis
Phenotype analysis
DNA "fingerprint"
Polymorphic DNA sequences
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17
Q

Reproduction features of dogs

Cycle

A

Mono- or diestrus
ø true seasonality
long breeding cycle: 4-11 months
Long luteal phase - 60 days

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18
Q

Detecting heat of a dog

A

vaginal bleeding

19
Q

Hormones of ovulation

A

Preov P4 secretion
Spont ovulation
Gradual P4 decline

20
Q

Gestation period

A

60-65 days

Rapid embryonic and fetal development

21
Q

What happens to the vaginal epithelium before heat

A

Extensive keratinization/cornification

22
Q

How long is the lactation period of dogs:

A

50 days

23
Q

Give the 9 most important canine genetic diseases

A 
CLAD
SCID
Hemophilia A & B
von Willebrand disease
MHS
SMA
Epilepsy
Merle gene mutation
MDR1
24
Q

Give the FCI classification of dog breeds

A 
Pastoral
Pinchers, malossians, schnauzers
Terriers
Dachshunds
Spitz, primitive
Scenthounds
Pointers
Retrievers
Companions and toys
Sight hounds
25
Q

Give the AKC classification of dog breeds

A 
Herd
Work
Sport
Non-sport
Hound
Terrier
Toy
Misc
26
Q

Give some abnormalities of certain dog breeds

A 
Tail torsion
Chondrodysplasia
Alopecia
Brachycephaly
Proportional dwarfism
Polydactyly
27
Q

When were cats domesticated?

A

3000-5000 B.C. in Egypt
From wild cat
Sacred, rodent control

28
Q

Microevolutionary changes of cats

A

Smaller size
More litters
Companions

29
Q

What happened after domestication

A

Low biodiversity

Hair colour and coat differences

30
Q

What are some qualities of the cat

A

Scent territorial marking
Good maternal instinct
Good hunters
Clean and grooming

31
Q

Interspecies hybrids of cats

A

Savannah cat
Bengal
2n = 38

32
Q

Give common breeding methods of cats

A

Based on phenotype
Inbreeding
Common
Character fixation and prepotency

33
Q

Short hair breeds

A

Manx, Sphinx, British shorthair, Russian blue

34
Q

Long hair breeds

A

Maine coon, Norwegian forest cat

Ragdoll, Birma, Persian

35
Q

When does a male/female cat reach puberty

A

queen: 9 months
tom: 12 months

36
Q

Reprod traits of the cat

A

Synchronous polyestrus (photoperiodic deoendence)

37
Q

Breeding season:

A

Jan-July

38
Q

Ovarian cycle

A

Alternate between anovulatory (14) and ovulatory cycles (35)

39
Q

What is induced ovulation?

A

Penile spines rake the female vagina and ovulation is induced

40
Q

Cat gestation:

A

63 days

41
Q

Cat lactation

A

50 days

42
Q

Feline genetic diseases

A

SMA
Manx factor
PCRD
HCM

43
Q

HCM

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Myosin binding protein C
Dosis effect

Animal Breeding Exam (7 decks)

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