E4: Respiratory System

Question 1

Where does gas exchange between the blood and external environment take place?

Answer 1

Alveoli

Question 2

Alveoli are to the respiratory system as _______ are to the cardiovascular system.

Answer 2

capillaries

Question 3

What are the cavities within the bones that surround the nasal cavity called?

Answer 3

Sinuses

Question 4

Which bones are sinuses located in?

A: Frontal
B: Sphenoid
C: Maxillary
D: Ethmoid
E: All of them
F: None of them

Answer 4

E: All of them

Question 5

Another name for the throat…

Answer 5

Pharynx

Question 6

Regions of the pharynx

Answer 6

1: Nasopharynx
2: Oropharynx
3: Laryngopharynx

Question 7

What tube opens up into the nasopharynx?

Answer 7

Pharyngotympanic tube

Question 8

Tonsils of pharynx…

Answer 8

Lingual (back of tongue)
Palatine (oropharynx)
Pharyngeal (nasopharynx)

Question 9

Name for voice box…

Answer 9

Larynx

Question 10

Structures of larynx…

Answer 10

Epiglottis
Thyroid cartilage

Question 11

Name for windpipe…

Answer 11

Trachea

Question 12

How many lobes in L lung?

Answer 12

2

Question 13

How many lobes in R lung?

Answer 13

3

Question 14

T/F

The pulmonary - visceral - pleura covers the walls of the thoracic cavity.

Answer 14

False - the pulmonary - visceral - pleura covers the surface of the lungs

Question 15

Name of the pleura that covers the walls of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 15

Parietal pleura

Question 16

What kind of tissue makes up the alveolar walls?

Answer 16

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 17

What covers the external surfaces of alveoli?

Answer 17

Pulmonary capillaries

Question 18

How does gas cross the respiratory membrane?

Answer 18

Diffusion

Question 19

What enters the blood?

A: O2
B: CO2

Answer 19

A: O2

Question 20

What enters the alveoli?

A: O2
B: CO2

Answer 20

B: CO2

Question 21

Describe pulmonary ventilation

Answer 21

Moving air in and out of lungs - AKA breathing

Question 21

What lipid molecule coats the surface of alveoli?

Answer 21

Surfactant

Question 22

Describe external respiration

Answer 22

When gas exchange happens in the lungs (b/t pulmonary blood and alveoli)

O2 loaded into blood
CO2 unloaded from blood

Question 23

Describe respiratory transport

Answer 23

O2 and CO2 transported in bloodstream

Question 24

Describe internal respiration

Answer 24

O2 unloaded into tissues CO2 loaded into blood

Question 25

Is this internal or external respiration?

Answer 25

External respiration

Question 26

Is this internal or external respiration?

Answer 26

Internal respiration

Question 27

What muscles contract with inspiration?

Answer 27

Diaphragm External intercostals

Question 28

Does intrapulmonary volume increase or decrease with inspiration?

Answer 28

Increase

Question 29

Does gas pressure increase or decrease with inspiration?

Answer 29

Decrease

Question 30

Does gas pressure increase or decrease with expiration?

Answer 30

Increase

Question 31

Does intrapulmonary volume increase or decrease with expiration?

Answer 31

Decrease

Question 32

What muscle contracts with expiration?

Answer 32

Internal intercostals

Question 33

Is the normal pressure within the pleural space always negative or always positive?

Answer 33

Always negative

Question 34

What keeps the lungs from collapsing?

Answer 34

Difference in lung pressure and pleural space pressure

Question 35

Describe inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

Answer 35

Amount of air taken in forcibly over tidal volume (normal breath)

Question 36

Describe residual volume

Answer 36

Air remaining in lungs after expiration

Question 36

Describe expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

Answer 36

Amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled

Question 37

Vital capacity is...

Answer 37

total amount of exchangeable air VC = TV + IRV + ERV

Question 38

What is tidal volume (TV)?

Answer 38

A normal breath

Question 39

What is dead space volume?

Answer 39

The air that remains in conducting zone that does not reach the alveoli

Question 40

What area of the brain controls the rate and depth of breathing?

Answer 40

Medulla oblongata Pons

Question 41

Hyperventilation results from acidosis or alkalosis?

Answer 41

Acidosis

Question 42

Chronic bronchitis is also known as...

Answer 42

Blue bloaters

Question 42

Hypoventilation results from acidosis or alkalosis?

Answer 42

Alkalosis

Question 43

Emphysema

Answer 43

Pink puffers

Question 44

Hierarchy of branches in lungs

Answer 44

Bronchi -- bronchioles -- alveoli