E4: Urinary System

Question 1

Is the urinary system peritoneal or retroperitoneal?

Answer 1

Retroperitoneal - aka it is behind the abdominal cavity

Question 2

Which kidney is slightly higher than its counterpart?

Answer 2

Left

Question 3

T/F

Each kidney is covered by a fibrous capsule.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What is the flow of urine through the kidney?

Answer 4

renal pyramid – minor calyx – major calyx – renal pelvis – ureter

Question 5

Label the kidney!

Answer 5

1: renal cortex
2: renal medulla
3: major calyx
4: papilla of pyramid
5: renal pelvis
6: minor calyx
7: ureter
8: renal pyramid in renal medulla
9: renal column
10: fibrous capsule

Question 6

Arterial blood flow through kidneys

Answer 6

Rabbits Steal Ideal Apples Containing…
renal artery – segmental artery – interlobular artery – arcuate artery – cortical radiate artery

Question 7

Venous blood flow through kidneys

Answer 7

CAIR
cortical radiate vein – arcuate vein – interlobar vein – renal veins

Question 8

Nerve supply for kidneys

Answer 8

Renal plexus

Question 9

What is the blood flow through the nephron?

Answer 9

…A Great Eccentric Peptide…
afferent arteriole – glomerulus – efferent arteriole – peritubular capillaries

Question 10

Does afferent bring blood in or take blood out?

Answer 10

Blood in

Question 11

Does efferent bring blood in or take blood out?

Answer 11

Blood out

Question 12

What is the structural unit that forms urine?

Answer 12

Nephron

Question 13

What are the two parts of the nephron?

Answer 13

Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule

Question 14

Are most nephrons cortical or juxtamedullary?

Answer 14

Cortical

Question 15

What makes up the renal corpuscle?

Answer 15

Glomerulus
Glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule

Question 16

What makes up renal tubule and collecting duct?

Answer 16

Proximal convoluted tubule
Nephron loop
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct

Question 17

In the nephron loop, which limb is thin and made of simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 17

Descending limb

Question 18

In the nephron loop, which limb is thick and made of cuboidal or columnar epithelium?

Answer 18

Ascending limb

Question 19

Label the renal cortical tissue!

Answer 19

1: glomerulus
2: glomerular capsular space
3: squamous epithelium of parietal layer of glomerular capsule
4: proximal convoluted tubule (fuzzy due to long microvilli)
5: distal convoluted tubule (clear lumen)

Question 20

Where does concentrated urine form?

Answer 20

Vasa recta

Question 21

What serves as the nephrons colander that can hold cells back?

Answer 21

Foot processes of podocytes within renal corpuscle

Question 22

Three processes involved in urine formation

Answer 22

Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion

Question 23

Blood flow through kidneys

Answer 23

Rabbits steal ideal apples containing a great eccentric peptide!

Renal artery
Segmental artery
Interlobular artery
Arcuate artery
Cortical radiate artery
Afferent arteriole
Glomerulus
Efferent arteriole
Peritubular capillaries
Cortical radiate vein
Arcuate vein
Interlobular vein
Renal vein