Exam 1 Part 9

Question 1

What makes up the telencephalon?

Answer 1

Cortex, basal ganglia

Question 2

What makes up the diencephalon?

Answer 2

Thalamus, hypothalamus

Question 3

What is the pathway for the basal ganglia control circuit?

Answer 3

Cortex, striatum, globus pallidus, thalamus, cortex

Question 4

What are the main neurotransmitters of the basal ganglia control circuit?

Answer 4

Acetylcholine, dopamine

Question 5

What is the function of the basal ganglia control circuit?

Answer 5

Maintain normal posture, regulate amplitude and velocity, initiation of movement

Question 6

Cortex initiates more impulses for movement than needed, the _____ dampens or modulate these impulses

Answer 6

Basal ganglia control circuit

Question 7

Reduced movement

Answer 7

Hypokinsesia

Question 8

Involuntary or excess movement

Answer 8

Hyperkinesia

Question 9

What disease is commonly associated with hypokinesia?

Answer 9

Parkinson’s (rigidity)

Question 10

What conditions are commonly associated with hyperkinesia?

Answer 10

Dystonia, chorea, tremor, spasm, tics, athetosis, ballism

Question 11

What 2 things can happen if there is damage to the basal ganglia control circuit?

Answer 11

Hypokinesia, hyperkinesia

Question 12

What is the etiologies of hypokinetic dysarthria?

Answer 12

Damage to basal ganglia control circuit; dopamine pathways, degenerative disease, CVA, unknown

Question 13

What are some characteristics of hypokinetic dysarthria?

Answer 13

Decrease range of movement, rigidity, some movements may be fast and repetitive, reduced force of movement

Question 14

What is the etiologies of hyperkinetic dysarthria?

Answer 14

Basal ganglia control circuit, unknown, toxic/metabolic drug, degenerative

Question 15

What disease is associated with hyperkinetic dysarthria?

Answer 15

Huntington’s chorea