Exam 2 Part 3

Question 1

Learned responses from the core behavior

Answer 1

Secondary behavior

Question 2

True or false: Negative attitudes towards stuttering can make the stuttering better

Answer 2

False; worse

Question 3

What is the prevalence of stuttering for kids worldwide?

Answer 3

1%

Question 4

Stuttering in elementary school follows same pattern as ______

Answer 4

Adults

Question 5

What is the difference between stuttering in elementary school vs stuttering in preschool?

Answer 5

Preschool stuttering is more frequently on conjunctions and pronouns, repetition of whole words, appears to be result of language learning

Question 6

Reduced stuttering is associated with conditions in which the…

Answer 6

Neurophysical demands of speech motor control and language formulation are reduced

Question 7

Stuttering is a disorder of _____

Answer 7

neuromotor control of speech

Question 8

What are some conditions for decreased disfluency?

Answer 8

Speaking alone, relaxed, speaking to infant or animal, dialect, while writing, swearing, slow and prolonged matter, loud making noise, DAF, shadowing another speaker

Question 9

What are linguistic factors of stuttering?

Answer 9

Happens with consonants more, initial sounds of words, connected speech, nouns, verbs, adjectives, more on longer words, more on words at beginning of sentences, stressed syllables

Question 10

What is the most common stuttering behavior?

Answer 10

Repetition

Question 11

What are the causes of stuttering?

Answer 11

Heredity and environmental factors acting together

Question 12

Why does talking in a dialect reduce stuttering?

Answer 12

Consciously controlling how you talk

Question 13

Why does swearing reduce stuttering?

Answer 13

High emotional speech; not typical of our normal speech pathway

Question 14

How does speaking in a slow and prolonged manner decrease stuttering?

Answer 14

Able to control speech better