Exam 2 Part 7 Flashcards
During normal disfluency, ___ or ___ extra units added
1 or 2
True or false: the number of words stuttered per 100 can diagnose a type of stutter
False
True or false: in normal disfluency, a child can show multiple repetitions of phonemes
False, cannot
What types of secondary behaviors are shown in normal disfluency?
None
What are some feelings and attitudes towards normal disfluency?
May not be noticed by themselves or others, no frustration or embarrassment
What are some underlying processes of normal disfluency?
Development of language, pragmatics, motor speech control, periods of excitement, episodic stresses in environment
What are the core behaviors of borderline stuttering?
sound and syllable repetitions, word and phase repetition broken words, prolonged words, no difference for interjections revision, and incomplete phrases
Phase of stuttering where parent begins to wonder whether or not the child is stuttering
Borderline
Borderline disfluency depends on what 2 things?
Frequencies of disfluencies, number of times a word/phrase is repeated
What is a difference between normal disfluencies and borderline disfluencies?
The number of core behaviors that occur
What are the feelings and attitudes towards borderline disfluencies?
Little awareness, no concern/embarrassment, appear to be frustrated once in a while
What are the underlying processes for borderline disfluencies?
Speech and language anomalies, psychosocial conflict
Stuttering that shows tension and anxiety, evidence of struggle and frustration, some kids begin here and do not pass borderline phase
Beginning
What are the core behaviors of beginning stuttering?
Repetitions rapids and irregular, use of “uh”, repetitions are hurried, increased tension, higher vocal pitch, occasional prolongation and blocks
What are the secondary characteristics of beginning stuttering?
Responses to tension, begin voluntarily as escape behaviors
