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Flashcards in Bleeding Deck (25)
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1
Q

Blood

A

RBC make up 45%

WBC and platelets <1%

2
Q

Plasma

A

Watery straw colored fluid that is more than half of all blood

3
Q

Oxyhemoglobin Diassociation Curve

A

Determined by how readily hemoglobin acquires and releases oxygen molecules from surrounding tissue
(Pressure high in lungs, low in tissue)

4
Q

Clotting proteins

A

Produced by the liver solidified rest of a blood clot

5
Q

Perfusion

A

Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts o meet cells needs

6
Q

Vital Organs and kidneys

A

Will experience permanent damage after 45 minutes of inadequate perfusion

7
Q

Skeletal muscles

A

More than 2 hours inadequate perfusion causes permanent damage

8
Q

GI Tract

A

Can go many hours without blood

9
Q

“Warm ischemic time”

A

Normal temp of a tissue or organ. Being cold can resist hypoperfusion because of the slowing of the body’s metabolism

10
Q

Arteries

A

Spurt initially but begin to flow after pressure drops

Cut transverse will retract and stop own bleeding. Vertically will often continue to bleed

11
Q

Caterizing injuries

A

Train runs over legs, may be little bleeding due to heat of train carterizing wounds

12
Q

Blood Loss <20%

A

Vitals will change and body can’t tolerate

13
Q

Femur Fractures

A

Hold up to 1L blood in femur

14
Q

Consider Bleeding If:

A
Significant MOI
Poor general appearance
Hypoperfusion
Blood loss
Hemorrhage
15
Q

Internal Clotting on Own

A

Bleeding tends to stop within 10 minutes on its own due to internal clotting factors

16
Q

Open Vessel

A

Vessel is lacerated, blood flows rapidly from vessel
Open ends of vessel begin to constrict
Platelets agrregate at the site, plugging hole and sealing injured portions of vessel called hemostasis
Direct pressure of injury or environment triggers clotting factors

17
Q

Medications Interfere

A

Aspirin, and beta blockers inhibit clotting and decrease vasoconstriction

18
Q

Shock

A

All cases result in inadequate perfusion

Hemmorage Shock is most common

19
Q

Hemorrhagic Shock

A

Three Phases: Compensated, Decompensated, Irreversible

20
Q

Compensated Shock

A

Low circulating blood Volume with minimal signs of hypoperfusion

  • agitation, anxiety, restlessness
  • weak rapid pulse
  • clammy, cool, moist skin
  • nausea vomiting
  • sob
21
Q

Decompensated Shock

A
AMS
Hypotension
Labored Breathing
Absent or threads pulse
Mottled. Cyanotic skin
Dialate Pupils
22
Q

Class I

A

< 15% blood loss. Normal vitals. Slightly anxious

23
Q

Class II

A

15-30% blood loss. Tachycardia. Normal BP. Narrowing pulse pressure. Cap refill delayed. Increased respirations. Cool pale skin

24
Q

Class III

A

30-40% blood loss. Tachycardia. Systolic Low. Narrowing pressures. Delayed cap refill. Fast breathing. Cold pale moist skin. Needs fluid and blood

25
Q

Class IV

A

> 40% blood loss. Tachycardia or bradycardic. Low pressure. Very narrow pressures. Cap refill absent. Resp rate increased or diminished. AMS. Cold Cyanotic. Fluid and Blood.