Flashcards in Day 13 Deck (28):
1
What is the definition of spondylosis?
a vertebral condition
2
What is the definition of spondylolysis
a vertebral separation of vertebral cleavage
3
What is the definition of spondylolisthesis?
a vertebral slippage
4
What are some of the causes of spondylolysis
congenital, acquired during development, the result of aging, or result of trauma
5
Lumbar spondylolysis has not been reported in what groups of individuals?
fetuses, newborns, rarely in children under five years of old, patients who have never walked and in non-errect species
6
What is the gender bias and locational bias associated with lumbar spondylolysis?
men at L5/S1; women at L4/L5
7
What is the age range typically associated with lumbar spondylolysis?
10-20 years old
8
What motion(s) is particularly associated with lumbar spondylolysis?
hyperextension coupled with rotation
9
What fills the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?
fibrocartilagenous material
10
What name has been given to the material filling the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?
spondylolysis ligament
11
What types of neural function(s) have been associated with the spondylolysis ligament?
nociception, neuromodulation and autonomic function
12
What is the appearance of the lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?
a Scotty dog
13
What is the appearance of a pars defect in a lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?
a collared Scotty dog
14
What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the neck of a Scotty dog?
the pars interarticularis below the superior articular process
15
What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the eye of a Scotty dog?
the pedicle
16
What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the ear of a Scotty dog?
the superior articular process
17
What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the nose of a Scotty dog?
the transverse process
18
What characteristics are associated with cervical spondylolysis?
rare, congenital, gender biased toward men, most common at C6 and linked to spondyloisthesis and spina bifida
19
What characteristics are associated with sacral spondylolysis?
rare in the general population, within typical percents in the native Alaskan (inuit) population, seems to be acquired, gender biased toward men, most common at S1 and linked to activities such as kayaking and harpooning
20
What vertebral condition results in spondylolisthesis?
bilateral spondylolysis
21
What is the direction of spondylolisthesis?
anterior or forward displacement
22
What is the poster direction of vertebral slippage called?
retrospondylolistheisis or retrolisthesis
23
Identify all names given to type I spondylolisthesis?
dysplastic spondylolisthesis, congenital spondylolisthesis
24
What is the cause most frequently given for type II spondylolisthesis?
micro fractures as the result of repetitive stress during hyper flexion and rotation
25
What gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimensions are associated with type II spondylolisthesis?
isthmic spondylolisthesis is common in men, located at the L5/S1 level and demonstrates an increase in sagittal diameter of the spinal cord
26
What is the gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimension changes often associated with type III spondylolisthesis?
degenerative spondylolisthesis is more common in women, particularly at L4/L5, an demonstrates no change in sagittal diameter of the spinal canal
27
What causes type IV spondylolisthesis?
fracture of the neural arch components
28