Flashcards in GI and Stool Deck (21)
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1
proper digestion revolves around what 3 phases of function
oral - chewing, hydrating, enzymatic
gastric - hydrating, enzymatic, denaturing
biliary/pancreatic - enzymatic*, buffering, emulsifcation
2
oral phase produces what enzyme
what is its function
salivary amylase
CHO breakdown
3
gastric phase produce what enzyme(s)
what is there function
HCL and pepsin
denaturing
4
biliary/pancreatic phases produces what enzymes
HCO3
pancreatic amylase
lipase
proteases
bile
5
gastrin is produced by what cells
gastrin is produced in response to what
G cells in the stomach
produced in response to stretching, chewing, and cephalic phase of digestion
6
what occurs when gastrin is produced
causes HCL production
also causes pepsinogen secretion
7
what are the 3 types of superficial gastritis
simple gastritis
atrophic gastritis
gastric atrophy
8
what are the gastrin levels in each type of superficial gastritis
simple gastritis - normal gastrin
atrophic gastritis - normal or slight elevation
gastric atrophy - high gastrin and achlorhydric
9
what are the 3 types of hyperplastic gastropathy
ZE syndrome
hypersecretory gastropathy
menetriers disease
10
what are the gastrin levels in each type of hyperplastic gastropathy
ZE syndrome - extreme hyperacidity
hypersecretory gastropathy - normal gasstrin but increased amounts of acid
menetriers disease - elevated gastrin but decreased amounts of acid
11
anti H pylori antibodies are elevated when
IgM - elevated 3-4 weeks and declines in 2-3 months after tx
IgA - elevates 2 months and declines in 3-4 weeks
IgG - elevated 2 months and stays elevated for 1 year after tx
12
stool tests are used to evaluate and determine function of bowel by checking for...
bleeding, infection, infestations, inflammation, malabsorption
13
what is the cardinal sign if there is inflamamtion in the bowel
if chronic inflammation is present what is the result
diarrhea
malabsorption
14
feceal fat confirms the diagnosis of what
steatorrhea
15
how is fecal fat determined
what is the level that is considered healthy
3 day collection to determine 24 hour output of fat - patient must eat 100 grams of fat for 3 days before the test and then continue eating 100 grams during the 3 day testing period
less than 6 grams
16
what is stool culture used to diagnose
culture and sensitivity
salmonella
shigella
campylobacter
yersinia
E coli
clostridium
staphylococcus
17
what is stool O & P used for
ova and parasites
hookworms
tapeworms
protozoa
cryptosporidium (seen immune compromised patients)
18
what is stool occult blood test used to determine
used to determine bleeds that are slow or high up in the GI tract
19
what can cause false positives on stool occult blood test
false positive (cause bleeding)
iron
NSAIDS
acetyl salicylic acid ASA
steroids
20
what can cause false negatives on stool occult blood test
false negative (no bleeding)
vitamin C
21
