Risk + prevention of cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What cancers are not affected by being overweight?

A

Lung, bladder or melanoma

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2
Q

Management of women at high risk of breast cancer?

A

Offered tamoxifen or raloxifene for 5 years

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3
Q

Li Fraumeni syndrome - inheritance, gene affected, common malignancies caused

A

Autosomal dominant

Germline mutations to p53 gene

High incidence of malignancies esp. sarcomas + leukaemias

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4
Q

What chromosomes are BRCA 1+ 2 carried on?

A

BRCA 1 = 17 BRCA 2 = 13

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5
Q

What cancer is BRCA 2 linked with in men?

A

Prostate

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6
Q

Lynch syndrome - inheritance, common malignancies caused, what criteria used to identify high risk individuals?

A

Autosomal dominant

Colonic + endometrial cancer at young age

Identify high risk individuals with Amsterdam criteria

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7
Q

Gardners - inheritance, gene affected, common malignancies caused

A

Autosomal dominant

Colorectal polyposis

Also causes skull osteoma, thyroid cancer + epidermoid cysts Desmoid tumours

Mutation of APC gene on chromosome 5

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8
Q

What cancers are not affected by smoking?

A

Melanoma + brain

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