Different Sentence Types Flashcards
Verbs of Conditional clauses
Subjunctive following sequence of tenses (some are indicative)
Purpose clauses introduced by
Ut/ne
Verbs of purpose clauses
Subjunctive following sequence of tenses
What is an indirect statement
Someone reporting an already occurred action
Verbs of indirect statement
Infinitive
And subject is accusative
Subordinate clauses in indirect statements
In subjunctive following sequence of tenses
Hortatory Subjunctive formed
(Usually) 1st person present Subjunctive
Let us!
Jussive subjunctive formed
(Usually) 3rd person present subjunctive
Let them!
Negative of hortatory and Jussive subjunctives
Ne…
What is potential subjunctive
A normal sentence but expressing uncertainty
Future time of potential subjunctive
Present (sometimes perfect) subjunctive
Present time of potential subjunctive
Present (sometimes perfect) subjunctive
Past time of potential subjunctive
Imperfect subjunctive
Negative potential subjunctive
Non…
What is optative subjunctive
A desire/wish for the future
How is optative subjunctive formed
(Utinam/ut), but not necessary, +present subjunctive
Negative optative subjunctive
Utinam ne/ne
Optative subjunctive incapable of fulfilment, present time
(Utinam/ut), but not necessary, + imperfect subjunctive
Optative subjunctive incapable of fulfilment, past time
(Utinam/ut), but not necessary, + pluperfect subjunctive
Direct question introduced by
-ne
Or
An interrogative word (quis, quid, quando, quo, quo modo, cur, quam ob rem, unde)
Direct questions yes expected
Nonne…
Direct questions no expected
Num…
Double Direct questions
Utrum…an
-ne…an
…an
Indirect questions are formed by
Interrogative word + subjunctive (according to sequence of tenses, periphrastic for future)
Double indirect questions and second question is negative
Necne (more often than an non)
Conditional clauses introduced by
Si/nisi + ut/ne
What is a purpose clause
Latin: I fight in order to overcome the sailor
English: I fight to overcome the sailor
What are indirect statements a bit like
Like indirect statements (subjunctive like purpose clauses)
They depend on an indicative verb
What is an indirect command
English: I beg you to kill that man
Latin: I beg in order that you kill that man
Ut/ne + subjunctive
Verbs of indirect command
Present (for primary) or imperfect (for secondary) subjunctive
Deliberative subjunctive
Present or imperfect subjunctives used to deliberate about a course of action
Used in rhetorical questions
What should I have done?
What was I to do?
Quid facerem?
Past deliberative subjunctive
