Independent Uses Of The Subjunctive

Question 1

Hortatory

Answer 1

present subjunctive is used to express an exhortation
mainly first person

veniamus!= let’s come!

Question 2

negative jussive and hortatory subjunctives

Answer 2

introduced by ne

Question 3

ne hoc faciat!

Answer 3

Let him not do this!

Question 4

what is Potential subjunctive

Answer 4

xpresses an action which might possibly or conceivably occur

Question 5

Haec credas

Answer 5

you would (could, might) believe these things

potential subjunctive

Question 6

present potentiality

Answer 6

present (sometimes perfect) subjunctive is used

Question 7

future potentiality

Answer 7

present (sometimes perfect) subjunctive used

Question 8

Fratrem mei misereri nolim

Answer 8

I would not wish my brother to pity me

future potentiality
(misereor takes genitive to express its object, objective genitive mei)

Question 9

Dicas eum hominem bonum esse

Answer 9

you would say that he is a good man
you might say that he is a good man

(future potential)

Question 10

how is past potential expressed

Answer 10

imperfect subjunctive

Question 11

Crederes eum hominem bonum esse

Answer 11

you would have believed that he was a good man
you might have believed that he was a good man

(past potential)

Question 12

negative of potential subjunctive

Answer 12

introduced by non

Question 13

Optative subjunctive

Answer 13

A wish for the future which is capable of fulfilment

expressed by the present subjunctive
`

Question 14

Optative subjunctive can be introduced by

Answer 14

utinam or ut

Question 15

negative optative subjunctive

Answer 15

introduced by utinam ne or ne

Question 16

Utinam veniat!

Answer 16

Would that he were coming!
I wish he would come!
If only he would come!

(optative subjunctive)

Question 17

Optative subjunctive incapable of fulfillment

Answer 17

present time: imperfect subjunctive

past time: pluperfect subjucntive

Question 18

Utinam veniret!

Answer 18

Would that he were coming!
I wish he were coming!
If only he were coming!

(optative, present unfulfillable)

Question 19

Utinam venisset!

Answer 19

Would that he had come!
I wish he had come!
If only he had come!

(optative, past unfulfillable)

Question 20

Jussive

Answer 20

present subjunctive used to express a command
mainly third person

veniat!= let him come!