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Flashcards in Models of Disease Deck (21)
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1
Q

Define psychology

A

The science of how people think, feel, and behave

2
Q

What is health psychology?

A

The contribution of the discipline of psychology to; Preventing illness Promoting good health Helping with treatment Understanding the psychological correlates of illness Improve the health care system and health policy

3
Q

What is medicine traditionally not interested in?

A

Psychogical or social factors

4
Q

What is the focus traditionally on in medicine?

A

Physical body and biological causes of disease

5
Q

What model of disease is dominant in Western Medicine?

A

Biomedical

6
Q

How is illness understood in the biomedical model?

A

In terms of biological and physiological processes

7
Q

What does treatment involvein the biomedical model?

A

Physical intervention, including drugs and surgery

8
Q

What is the biomedical model associated with?

A

Major advancements in modern medicine

9
Q

What are the criticisms of the biomedical model?

A

Could be considered too narrow a picture Doesn’t consider if psychological and social factors impact health

10
Q

What has happened to the death rate in England and Wales over the past 150 years?

A

It has halved

11
Q

What was the infant mortality rate in England and Wales in a. 1900, and b. Now?

A

A - 140 per 1000 B - <5 per 1000

12
Q

What was the life expectancy in a. 1901 and b. Now?

A

A - 47 B - 80

13
Q

What happened to the death rate from measles?

A

They have dropped dramatically due to improvements in social carre and quality of life, including better housing and nutrition.After the vaccine, there was a decline in incidence, however decline in death dropped before vaccine was introduced

14
Q

What is the drop in death rate in England and Wales due to?

A

Medical advancements Social improvements

15
Q

What medical advancements have contributed to the reduced death rates?

A

Development of vaccines New drugs Improvement in surgical techniques

16
Q

What social improvements have contributed to the drop in death rates?

A

Better sanitation Better housing Better diet

17
Q

What were the main common illnesses and causes of death in a. The beginning of the 20th century and b. The end of the 20th century?

A

A -Acute infectious diseases; TB, Pneumonia, Measles, Diphtheria
B - Chronic conditions where lifestyle and behaviour play a significant role; heart disease, cancer, stroke

18
Q

What does the biopsychosocial model say?

A

There are three contributors to health and illness; Psychological Biological Social

19
Q

What are the psychological contributors to illness?

A

Cognition Emotion Behaviour

20
Q

What are the biological contributors to illness?

A

Physiology Genetics Pathogens

21
Q

What are the social contributors to illness?

A

Social class Employment Social support