Flashcards in 11 - Repro - Pelvic floor Deck (14)
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1
What is the function of the pelvic floor?
- Closes the abdominal cavity
- Supports pelvic organs
- Contributes to continence
- Contributes to childbirth
2
Name the muscles which form the pelvic diaphragm:
Coccygeus
Levator ani:
- Puborectalis
- Pubococcygeus
- Iliococcygeus
3
The anterior perineum is described as a 'triangular sandwich'. Which structures form this sandwich?
- Fascia
- Sphincter urethrae
- Perineal membrane
4
If the urethra ruptures beneath the perineal membrane, where will urine collect?
Superficial perineal pouch
5
What is the arterial supply to the pelvic floor?
- Pudendal A's
- Vaginal A's
- Inferior Rectal A's
6
Which nerves innervate the pelvic floor?
Pudendal nerves
S2, 3, 4, keep your guts off the floor
7
How does the pelvic floor help maintain rectal continence?
Sphincter mechanism of puborectalis maintains angle ~ 80' between rectum and anus
8
Describe the location of the perineal body:
- @ midpoint of line joining ischial tuberosities
(@ junction of anterior and posterior perineum)
9
Which structures attach to the perineal body?
- Anal sphincters
- Bulbospongiosus
- Superficial transverse perineal muscles
- Levator ani
10
List some risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunction (ie incontinence/prolapse):
- Age
- Childbirth
- Menopause
- Obesity
- Chronic cough
- Intrinsic connective tissue laxity
- Malnutrition
- Previous pelvic surgery
- Increased intra-abdominal pressure
- Chronic constipation
11
Why are people with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome at increased risk of pelvic organ prolapse?
Intrinsic connective tissue laxity due to defects in collagen formation
12
How can a midline tear (and potential damage to anal sphincter) be avoided during childbirth?
Episiotomy
= Mediolateral cut 45-60' to R side of vagina
13
Name a safe, easy, non-invasive treatment for pelvic floor dysfunction:
Pelvic floor exercises - 'kegel exercises'
14
