Flashcards in 14 - Head + Neck - Oral cavity, Tongue, TMJ + Infratemporal fossa Deck (32):
1
Name the boundaries of the oral cavity:
Sup: Soft + hard palate (maxilla + palatine bones)
Inf: Muscular diaphragm + tongue
Lat: Buccinators
2
Between which 2 muscles does the tonsillar fossa lie? Which tonsil is located here?
1) Palatoglossal muscle
2) Palatopharyngeal muscle
Palatine tonsil
3
Which salivary gland is most commonly affected by stone formation?
Submandibular gland
4
All muscles (except 1) of the tongue are innervated by which nerve?
CN XII
Exception = Palatoglossal = CN X
5
If a patient has a lesion of the left CN XII, what will happen if they try to stick their tongue out?
Tongue will deviate towards the side of the lesion
6
If a patient has a lesion of the left CN X, what will you see when they open their mouth?
Uvula deviation away from the side of the lesion
7
Which extrinsic muscle of the tongue is responsible for closing the oral cavity during swallowing?
Palatoglossus
8
What is 'tonsillitis' and name some common symptoms:
Inflammation of Palatine tonsil
- Sore throat
- Odyno/dysphagia
- Enlarged erythematous tonsils
9
What are the 4 signs accompanying tonsillitis which indicates a bacterial cause:
1) Cervical lymphadenopathy
2) Fever
3) Pus
4) Absence of cough
10
If a patient presents with sore throat, cough and enlarged tonsils, what is the most likely diagnosis and underlying cause?
Viral tonsillitis (viral as cough present)
- Rhinovirus
- Adenovirus
11
How can you differentiate between tonsillitis and a peritonsillar abscess?
Tonsillitis = usually bilateral, intact arches
Quinsy =
- usually unilateral
- loss of posterior arch
- severe throat pain
- difficulty opening mouth
- 'hot potato' voice
- FEVER
12
Name the duct which drains from the parotid gland into the oral cavity:
Stenson's duct
13
Name the duct which drains from the submandibular gland into the oral cavity:
Wharton's duct
14
How does a salivary stone usually present?
Pain/swelling @ meal times
15
Which nerve gives general sensation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?
CN V3 - Lingual nerve
16
Which nerve gives special sensory fibres to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?
PNS fibres of CN VII - on Chorda Tympani
17
Which nerve gives general and special sensory fibres to the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?
CN IX
18
List the types of teeth from medial to lateral:
- Central incisor
- Lateral incisor
- Canine
- 1st + 2nd Premolars
- 1st + 2nd + 3rd Molars
19
Which nerve supplies the lower jaw and its teeth?
CN V3 - Inf. alveolar nerve
20
Name the articulating surfaces of the temporomandibular joint:
- Mandibular fossa (temporal bone)
- Articular tubercle (temporal bone)
- Mandibular condyle
21
What type of connective tissue lines the articulating surfaces of the temporomandibular joint?
Fibrocartilage
22
Which ligament associated with the temporomandibular joint prevents posterior dislocation?
Lateral ligament
23
What is the most common type of dislocation affecting the temporomandibular joint?
Anterior
ie blow to side of mandible when mouth is open = ant. dislocation of same side
24
What nerves are at risk during an anterior dislocation of the mandible (lock jaw)?
- CN V3 - Auriculotemporal
- CN VII
25
Name some common causes of TMJ pain:
- Bruxism (grinding)
- Osteoarthritis
- Anxiety
- Sleep disorders
- Excess alcohol/smoking
26
Where is the infratemporal fossa?
- Deep and inferior to zygomatic arch
- Deep to ramus of mandible
27
Name the borders of the infratemporal fossa:
Sup: Inf. greater wing of sphenoid
Inf: Med. pterygoid attachment of mandible
Ant: Post. maxilla
Post: Cervical sheath
Med: Lat. pterygoid plate of sphenoid
Lat: Ramus of mandible
28
Which muscles lie within the infratemporal fossa?
- Masseter
- Medial pterygoid
- Lateral pterygoid
29
Which blood vessels lie within the infratemporal fossa?
- Maxillary artery
- Pterygoid venous plexus
30
Which nerves lie within the infratemporal fossa?
- Inf. alveolar (CN V3)
- Lingual (CN V3)
- Buccal (CN V3)
- Chorda tympani (CN VII)
- Otic ganglion
31
Describe a mandibular nerve block:
- Inject anaesthesia into infratemporal fossa via mandibular notch of ramus of mandible
Blocks branches of CN V3:
- Auriculotemporal
- Inferior alveolar
- Lingual
- Buccal
32