Flashcards in chapter 5 Deck (38)
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1
neural adaptations with anaerobic exercise
first to occur
increase in agonist muscle recruitment
a reduction in inhibitory mechanisms(GTO)
2
central adaptations with anaerobic exercise
increases when new exercises are being learned
most takes place in spinal cord
3
physiological adaptations with anaerobic resistance exercise fiber size, myofibrillar volume, cytoplasmic density, myosin heavy-chain protein
increases
4
physiological adaptations with anaerobic resistance exercise mitochondrial density
decreases
5
physiological adaptations with anaerobic resistance exercise creatine phosphokinase, myokinase, phosphofructolkinase, sodium-potassium ATPase
increases
6
physiological adaptations with anaerobic resistance exercise stored ATP, Creatine phosphate, glycogen
increases
7
physiological adaptations with anaerobic resistance exercise ligament, tendon, collagen and bone density strength
may increase
8
physiological adaptations with anaerobic resistance exercise body %body fat
decreases
9
physiological adaptations with anaerobic resistance exercise fat-free mass
increases
10
maximal strength and power increases of agonist muscles result from?
increase in recruitment, rate of firing, synchronization of firind
11
motor units are recruited in what order?
according to their recruitment thresholds and firing rates (size principle)
12
the size principle might not exist in ? becasue?
elite athletes, body learns to recruit more effectinly
13
the role of increasing firing rate (vs. recruitment) appears to be dependent on ?
muscle size
14
smaller muscles rely on?
large muscles rely on?
small muscles: increased firing rate to enhance force production
large muscles: recruitment
15
anaerobic training can ? firing rates of recruited motor units
enhance
16
neuromuscular junction
interface between the nerve and skeletal muscle
17
cross-educatio
training only one lim can result in an increase in strength in the untrained limb
18
bilateral deficit
the force produced when both limbs are contracting together is less than the sum of the forces they produce when contracting unilaterally
19
sequence of protein synthesis involves
1. water uptake
2. noncontractile proteins
3. contractile protein synthesis
20
muscle hypertrophy takes longer than ? workouts
16
21
hyperplasia
an increase in the number of muscle fibers via longitudinal fiber splitting as a response to high intensity resisitance training
22
what fiber type increases with resistance training
both, type II increase more
23
type IIx fiber type will change to type IIa because?
they change their ATPase becuase they are activated so much
24
factors of strength trained athletes
increased angle of pennation which can accommodate greater protein deposition that allows greater increases in CSA.
greater fascicle length
25
anaerobic exercise can result in what to muscle and blood pH?
substantial reducations
26
how to increase buffering capacity
HIIT above lactate threshold
27
minimal essential strain
the threshold stimulus that initiates new bone formation
28
components of mechanical load that stimulate bone growth
magnituve of the load (intensity)
rate (speed)
direction of the forces
reps
29
how to stimulate bone growth
use exercises that directly load particular regions of the skeleton
structural exercises
overload
vary exercise selection
30
