DNA Rep

Question 1

What is the first step of DNA replication?

Answer 1

The unwinding of the DNA double helix.

Question 2

True or False: DNA replication occurs in a bidirectional manner.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

What enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA during replication?

Answer 3

Helicase.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: DNA replication begins at specific locations called _______.

Answer 4

origins of replication.

Question 5

Which enzyme synthesizes new DNA strands?

Answer 5

DNA polymerase.

Question 6

What are the short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand called?

Answer 6

Okazaki fragments.

Question 7

True or False: DNA ligase is responsible for sealing gaps between Okazaki fragments.

Answer 7

True.

Question 8

What is the role of primase in DNA replication?

Answer 8

To synthesize a short RNA primer.

Question 9

Which strand is synthesized continuously during DNA replication?

Answer 9

Leading strand.

Question 10

What is the function of single-strand binding proteins?

Answer 10

To stabilize unwound DNA strands and prevent them from re-annealing.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The process of copying DNA is known as _______.

Answer 11

replication.

Question 12

What is the direction of DNA strand synthesis?

Answer 12

5’ to 3’ direction.

Question 13

True or False: Both strands of DNA are replicated simultaneously.

Answer 13

True.

Question 14

Which enzyme removes RNA primers during DNA replication?

Answer 14

RNase H.

Question 15

What is the final product of DNA replication?

Answer 15

Two identical DNA molecules.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The enzyme that adds nucleotides to a growing DNA strand is called _______.

Answer 16

DNA polymerase.

Question 17

What is the role of topoisomerase in DNA replication?

Answer 17

To relieve the tension in the DNA helix ahead of the replication fork.

Question 18

In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Answer 18

S phase.

Question 19

What happens to the DNA strands after replication is complete?

Answer 19

They separate to form two daughter cells.

Question 20

True or False: DNA replication is semi-conservative.

Answer 20

True.

Question 21

What does it mean for DNA replication to be semi-conservative?

Answer 21

Each new DNA molecule consists of one old strand and one new strand.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The replication fork is the area where _______ occurs.

Answer 22

DNA unwinding and synthesis.

Question 23

What is the main difference between the leading and lagging strands?

Answer 23

The leading strand is synthesized continuously while the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments.

Question 24

Which base pairs with adenine during DNA replication?

Answer 24

Thymine.

Question 25

What is the role of DNA polymerase III?

Answer 25

To synthesize new DNA strands by adding nucleotides.

Question 26

True or False: DNA replication can start without a primer.

Answer 26

False.

Question 27

What is the significance of the '5' and '3' ends of a DNA strand?

Answer 27

They determine the direction in which DNA polymerase synthesizes the new strand.