Flashcards in Pharma 11.2 Neuro Drugs Deck (18):
1
What is the pathology behind Parkinsons?
Loss of dopaminergic neurones in substantia nigra. Results in reduced inhibition in neostriatum, allowing increased production of excitatory ACh. Results in abnormal signaling leading to impaired mobitility
2
What are the symptoms of parkinsons?
TRAP
Tremor, rigidity, akinesia, Postural instability
Mask like face, shuffling gait
3
What are the non idiopathic causes of parkinsons?
Corticobasal degeneration, drug induced, multiple systems atrophy, wilsons disease
4
What is wilsons disease? How does it cause damage?
Excess copper accumulation in tissue leading to neurological and hepatic disease
5
How is Myasthenia gravis treated? what happens in cases of overtreatment?
ACHesterase inhibitors
Overtreatment - cholinergic crisis leads to flaccid paralysis and resp failure
6
What are the ADRs to AChesterase inhibitiors?
SSLUDGE
Salivation, sweating, lacrimation, urinary incontinence, diarrhoea, GI hypermobility, emesis
7
What are the 5 drug classes used to treat parkinsons?
SALAD
Selegiline (MAO-B inhibitor), amantidine, L-DOPA, Anticholinergics, dopamine receptor agonists
8
How is L-DOPA used?
Administered with peripheral DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor to prevent dopamine conversion outside brain
9
What are the ADRs of L-DOPA?
On/off motor, wearing off, dyskinesia, dystonia, long term use shows loss of efficacy
10
What is the MoA of monoamine oxidase B inhibitors?
Prevents dopamine breakdown
11
When is monoamine oxidase B inhibitors used?
To enhance effects of L-DOPA
12
What are the ADRs of dopamine receptor agonist?
sedation, hallucination, confusion, N&V
13
What is the MoA of COMT inhibitors?
reduce peripheral breakdown of L-DOPA. No use alone
14
What is the MoA of anticholinergics?
ACh has antagonistic effect to dopamine
15
What are some ADRs of anticholinergics?
anhydrosis, dry mouth, urinary retention
16
give 3 examples of dpoamine receptor agonists`
apomorphine, bromocriptine, ropinirole
17
Give an example of a COMT inhibitor
entacapone
18