GContinuedLEC9 Flashcards

1
Q

How did Mendel identified his second law of inheritance?

A

By following two characters at the same time.

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2
Q

Crossing parents with 2 different characters produces what?

A

Dihybrids! They are heterozygous for BOTH characters.

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3
Q

Each pair of alleles sorts independently during gamete formation, this law is called?

A

The Law of Independant Assortment!

Ex. (Yy)(Rr)FOIL.Each offspring gets a unique mix of their parent’s alleles.

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4
Q

Getting your mom’s curly hair doesn’t mean that you will also get her blue eyes, why not?

A

Our chromosomes swap genes by crossing over, and sort themselves randomly before dividing at the metaphase plate.

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5
Q

Inheritance patterns are often more complex than those predicted by simple Mendelian genetics. Dominant and recessive alleles don’t “interact”, instead they what?

A

Synthesize different proteins that produce a particular phenotype.

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6
Q

This occur when the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are identical.

A

Complete Dominance!

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7
Q

This occur when phenotype of F1 hybrids is in between the phenotypes of the 2 parents.

A

Incomplete Dominance!

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8
Q

Are dominant alleles common in the wild?

A

No!

Ex. Polydactyly (6 fingers) is a rare genetically dominant trait.

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9
Q

Most genes actually exist in (more) than two allelic forms. This occur when 2 dominant alleles affect the phenotype in seperate, distinguishable ways.

A

Codominance!

Ex. Human blood group AB.

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10
Q

Human characters, like height, vary in the population along a continuum and are called?

A

Quantitative characters!

Many of these are POLYGENIC, determined by multiple genes

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11
Q

What is continuously variable and polygenic?

A

Skin Color! 2 parents with similar skin tone can produce offspring with a variety of skin colors.

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12
Q

Another departure from simple Mendelian genetics. When the (phenotype) depends on the ways the (environment) acts on the (genotype). Example?

A

The sun’s effect on skin color.

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