Neoplasia Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Neoplasia Deck (46)
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1
Q

slow growing, encapsulated mass of orderly cells, no invasion

A

benign tumor

2
Q

fast growing, invasive mass of disorderly cells, not encapsulated

A

malignant tumor

3
Q

tumor is large and localized

A

primary malignancy

4
Q

tumor is small and multifocal

A

metastatic malignancy

5
Q

genetic mutation linked with some cancers

A

oncogene

6
Q

gene which governs the growth of normal tissue

A

proto-oncogene

7
Q

chemicals, radiation, or germs that may cause cancer

A

carcinogens

8
Q

agents capable of causing genetic material; may cause cancer

A

mutagens

9
Q

change in one base; neurofibromatosis, adenomatous polyposis coli

A

DNA point mutation

10
Q

gene segments are exchanged; Burkitt’s lymphoma, leukemia

A

translocation

11
Q

gene segment is duplicated; N-myc is neuroblastoma

A

amplification

12
Q

gene which prevents normal cells from becoming malignant

A

cancer suppressor gene

13
Q

inactivation of cancer suppressor genes; BRCA in breast cancer

A

anti-oncogenes

14
Q

Starry-sky appearance on histo; HHV type 4 ARBO virus

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

15
Q

Binucleated cells; associated with Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

Reed Sternberg cells

16
Q

ARBO virus linked with Burkitt’s lymphoma

A

Epstein-Barr virus

17
Q

Linked with hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Hepatitis C

18
Q

Malignant plasma cells, Bence Jones protein, recurrent infections

A

multiple myeloma

19
Q

benign smooth muscle tumor in the uterus

A

uterine leiomyoma

20
Q

Blood malignancy with numerous immature WBC’s

A

leukemia

21
Q

leukemia m/c in young children

A

acute lymphocytic leukemia

22
Q

leukemia associated with Auer rods in adults

A

acute myelogenous leukemia

23
Q

leukemia associated with the Philadelphia chromosome

A

chronic myelogenous leukemia

24
Q

translocation involving chromosome 9 and 22

A

Philadelphia chromosome

25
Q

leukemia m/c in 60+ patients; asymptomatic

A

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

26
Q

linked with nitrosamine and alcohol use; squamous cell type

A

esophageal cancer

27
Q

linked with exposure to asbestos; malignancy of the pleura

A

mesothelioma

28
Q

linked with exposure to benzene

A

Leukemia

29
Q

linked with exposure to aflatoxin for moldy groundnuts or corn

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

30
Q

linked with exposure to uranium and smoking

A

lung cancer

31
Q

linked with exposure to Epstein-Barr virus

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

32
Q

caused by HPV type 16 and 18, most common gynecological cancer

A

cervical cancer

33
Q

caused by HHV type 8 in AIDS patients

A

Kaposi sarcoma

34
Q

m/c site for malignant tumors to spread

A

lung cancer

35
Q

tumor marker for choriocarcinoma and seminoma

A

Beta-HCG

36
Q

tumor marker for colon cancer

A

carcinoembryonic antigen

37
Q

tumor marker for prostate cancer

A

PSA

38
Q

tumor marker for ovarian cancer

A

CA-125

39
Q

tumor marker for breast cancer

A

BRCA-1 and 2

40
Q

tumor maker for hepatocellular carcinoma

A

alpha fetoprotein

41
Q

BCR-alb tumor marker

A

chronic myelogenous leukemia

42
Q

p16 tumor marker

A

malignant melanoma

43
Q

m/c cancer in males

A

prostate

44
Q

m/c cancer in females

A

breast

45
Q

second m/c cancer and number 1 in death

A

lung

46
Q

10% are malignant, bilateral, run in families, VMA excreted in urine

A

pheochromocytoma