Flashcards in NMJ and muscle pathologies Deck (51)
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31
What is the pattern of muscle disease in polymyositis?
Symmetrical
Progressive proximal weakness developing over weeks to months
32
What test will help in the diagnosis of polymyositis?
Raised CK
Muscle biopsy
EMG
33
Difference between polymyositis and dermatomyositis?
Dermatomyositis will show cutaneous features such as heliotrope rash and shawl sign
Also has a 50% recurrence with an underlying malignancy
34
What is the presentation of inclusion body myositis?
Slowly progressive weakness in the 6th decade with characteristic thumb sparing
35
What is the inheritance of myotonic dystrophy?
AD of trinucleotide repeat disorder with anticipation
36
What is the presentation of myotonic dystrophy?
Myotonic
Weakness
Cataracts
Ptosis
Frontal balding
Cardiac defects
37
What are the inherited muscular dystrophies?
Duchenne and Becker
38
What infective causes can result in muscle disease?
Viral; coxsackie
Trypanosomiasis
Cisticercosis
Borrelia
39
What are some common drugs that cause myopathy?
Necrotising myopathies; stating, fibrates
Corticosteroid myopathy
Lysosomal storage myopathy; hydroxychloroquine, amiodarone
Hypokalemic myopathy; diuretics, OCP
40
What is rhabdomyolysis?
Damage to skeletal muscle causes leakage of large quantities of toxic intracellular contents into the plasma such as myoglobin
41
What can cause rhabdomyolysis?
Crush injuries
Toxins
Post-convulsions
Extreme exercise
42
What is the triad of rhabdo?
Myalgia
Muscle weakness
Myoglobinuria
43
What are common complications of rhabdo?
AKI
DIC
44
What should be tested in examination of muscles?
Inspection; thin, wasted, fasciculations
Palpation
Strenth
Neck strength
Core strength
Fatiguability
45
What does 0 on the MRC muscle power grading mean?
No movement at all
46
What does 1 on the MRC muscle power grading mean?
Flicker of movement when attempting to contract the muscle
47
What does 2 on the MRC muscle power grading mean?
Some muscle movement if gravity removed but none against gravity
48
What does 3 on the MRC muscle power grading mean?
Movement against gravity but not against resistance
49
What does 4 on the MRC muscle power grading mean?
Movement against resistance but not full strength
50
What does 5on the MRC muscle power grading mean?
Normal strength
51
