Flashcards in Overview of nervous system Deck (27)
Loading flashcards...
1
What is the diencephalon?
The thalamus and hypothalamus
2
What makes up the brainstem?
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
3
What is a neurone?
The "communicators" of the nervous system. They receive information via synapses, integrate the information and then transmit information via electrical impulses to another neuron or effector cell
4
What is the structure of the majority of neurones?
Multipolar with many dendrites and one axon
5
What type of neurone does sensory innervation use?
Pseudounipolar neurone
6
What are the different types of glial cells in the CNS?
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal cells
7
What is the function of astrocytes?
Support
Maintaining BBB
Environmental homeostasis
8
What is the function of oligodendrocytes?
Produce myelin in the CNS
9
What is the function of microglial cells?
Similar lineage to macrophages; hematopoietic origin
Immune monitoring and antigen presentation
10
What is the function of ependymal cells?
Ciliated cuboidal/columnar epithelial cells that line the ventricles
11
What fissure separates the 2 hemispheres?
Great longitudinal fissure
12
What makes up white matter?
Axons - mostly myelinated and their support cells
13
What does a myelin sheath allow electrical impulses in axons do?
Jump over the node of ranvier resulting in a much quicker conduction than unmyelinated cells
14
What is an example of a demyelinating disease?
MS
15
What makes up grey matter?
Neural cell bodies - soma
Cell processes
Synapses
Support cells
16
What is the precentral gyrus?
In Front of the central sulcus
Location of primary motor cortex
17
What is the postcentral gyrus?
Behind the central gyrus
Location of primary somatosensory cortex
18
What does the calcarine sulcus demarcate?
The visual cortex
19
What is the corpus callosum?
Connection of white matter between left and right hemispheres
20
Describe the position of the frontal lobe
Ant to the central sulcus
Superior to the lateral sulcus
21
Describe the position of the parietal lobe
Posterior to the central sulcus
Superior to the lateral sulcus
Anterior to a line from the parieto-occipital sulcus to the preoccipital notch
22
Describe the position of the occipital lobe
Posterior to a line from the parieto-occipital sulcus to the preoccipital notch
23
Describe the position of the temporal lobe
Inferior to the lateral sulcus
Posteriorly by a line from the parieto-occipital sulcus and the preoccipital notch
24
What role does the insular lobe have?
Pain perception
25
What are the 3 layers of meninges?
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
26
What is contained within the subarachnoid space?
CSF
27
