Flashcards in C2 / Axis Deck (25):
1
What names are given to C2?
axis or epistropheus
2
What unique vertebral body modification is characteristic of C2?
the dens or odontoid process
3
How many joint surfaces are present on the odontoid process of C2?
five
4
Which joint classifications are represented at the odontoid process of C2?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint and synovial pivot (diarthrosis trochoid) joint
5
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies above the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed posterior?
lordotic dens
6
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies below the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed anterior?
kyphotic dens
7
How many joint are formed by the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2?
five
8
What joint classifications are present at the inferior part of the vertebral body C2?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) and cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
9
How many joint surfaces are present at the vertebral body of C2?
ten
10
What joint classification are present at the vertebral body of C2?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, synovial pivot (diarthrosis trochoid), modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) and cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
11
What ligaments will attach posteriorly, to the inferior epiphyseal rim of C2?
membrana tectoria and posterior longitudinal ligament
12
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal above C2?
membrane tectoria
13
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal below C2?
posterior longitudinal ligament
14
What lies on the upper surface of the pedicle of C2?
the superior articular process
15
What is the location of the superior vertebral notch of C2?
on the lamina-pedicle junction
16
What attaches to the lamina of C2?
obliquus capitis inferior muscle, posterior atlanto-axial ligament, ligamentum flavum
17
What muscle attaches to the lamina of C2?
Obliquus capitis inferior
18
What is the facet orientation of the superior articular facet of C2?
backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)
19
What is the orientation of the inferior articular facets of C2?
forward, lateral, and down (FoLD)
20
What muscle attaches to the articular process of C2?
longissimus cervicis
21
What osseous parts of the typical cervical transverse process are present at C2?
costal element, posterior tubercle and true transverse process
22
What is the gender variation for the transverse diameter of C2?
males: fifty-seven millimeters and females: about fifty millimeters
23
What muscles attach to the transverse process at C2?
levator scapulae, middle scalene, splenius cervicis, longissimus cervicis and intertransversarii
24
Anterior and posterior intertransversarii are first observed at what vertebral couple?
C2 and C3
25