Flashcards in Sacrum Deck (43):
1
What part of the sacral ala is derived from the costal element?
the anterior two-thirds
2
The costal element and true transverse process of sacrum unite to form what feature?
the sacral ala
3
How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?
four
4
How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the first sacral segment?
five
5
What muscle(s) may attach to the first sacral vertebral body?
psoas major
6
What is the reported angulation of the first sacral articular facets?
they lie vertically in the coronal plane
7
What is the position of the sacral zygapophysis in adults?
the zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L5/S1
8
What is the orientation of the first sacral superior articular facet?
backward, upward, medial (BUM); typically concave
9
What is the name given to the projection on the first sacral superior articular process?
mammillary process
10
From the anterior view, the intervertebral discs of sacrum will be replaced by what features?
transverse ridges
11
An imaginary line drawn along the dorsal midline of sacrum is identified as the ____?
median sacral crest
12
What forms the median sacral crest?
fused spinous processes and their spinous tubercles
13
What is the name given to the congenital condition in which the fifth lumbar spinous process is elongated, the sacrum exhibits spina bifida, and dorsiflexion produces pain?
Knife Clasp Syndrome
14
An imaginary line drawn from the superior articular process of S1 to the sacral cornu will form what feature?
intermediate sacral crest
15
What forms the intermediate sacral crest?
fused articular processes and their facets
16
What features may be identified along the intermediate sacral crest?
the mammillary process of S1 and the sacral cornu of S5
17
What is the remnant of the inferior articular process and facet of S5?
the sacral cornu
18
What is the name of the inferior opening of the sacral spinal canal?
the sacral hiatus
19
What forms the lateral sacral crest?
the fused transverse processes and transverse tubercles from S1 to S5
20
What is the sacral tuberosity?
the enlarged transverse tubercle of S2
21
What is the name of the joint formed by the sacral tuberosity?
the accessory sacro-iliac joint
22
What muscle is said to attach to the dorsal surface of the sacrum?
iliacus
23
What feature is identified on the lateral surface of S1-S3?
auricular surface
24
What classification of joint is formed by the auricular surface of sacrum?
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
25
What feature does the anterior surface of the superior epiphyseal rim of S1 form?
the sacral promontory
26
What ligament is attached to the sacral hiatus?
the superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
27
How many synovial joints are typically present at sacrum?
four
28
What joint classifications are typically present at sacrum?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis,cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
29
What forms the posterior boundary for the fifth sacral spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?
sacral cornu, coccygeal cornu, superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament and intercornual ligament
30
What forms the anterior boundary for the fifth sacral spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?
vertebral body S5, vertebral body Co1, deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament and intervertebral disc
31
What is the homolog for the posterior longitudinal ligament at S5?
deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
32
What is the homolog for the anterior longitudinal ligament at S5?
anterior sacrococcygeal ligament
33
What is the homolog for the ligamentum flavum at S5?
superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
34
What forms the inferior boundary for the spinal canal?
the union of the superficial and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments
35
What ligament is formed by the union of the superficial posterior sacrococcygeal and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments at Co1?
the posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
36
What ligament is the homolog of the intertransverse ligament at S5?
lateral sacrococcygeal ligament
37
What ligament divides the sciatic foramen into the greater and lesser sciatic foramina?
sacrospinous ligament
38
Which ligament has a broad attachment along the lateral margin of sacrum and coccyx and then attaches to the ischial tuberosity?
sacrotuberous ligament
39
Which ligament represents a thickening of the fibrous capsule of the sacro-iliac joint?
anterior sacro-iliac ligament
40
Which ligament is the strongest of the sacro-iliac ligaments and is penetrated by dorsal rami of sacral spinal nerves?
interosseous sacro-iliac ligament
41
Which ligament will attach the intermediate sacral crest of S1, lateral sacral crest of S2 to the posterior superior iliac spine?
short posterior sacro-iliac ligament
42
Which ligament attached the lateral sacral crest of S3 and S4 to the posterior superior iliac spine?
long posterior sacro-iliac ligament
43