Wed Wk 4 Mixed 3 Flashcards

1
Q

__ jxns are important in L&D as they coordinate myometrial contractions
permit passage of molecules via C__
stimulated by __ to inc myometrial excitability
also inc O_ receptors to mediate Ca2+ via ligand gated channels

__/__ are composed of cadherins
Adherens jxn linked __ filaments
desmosomes linked __ filaments

Fenestrae allow __ transport
can become swollen in renal glomerular cells in __

Hemidesmosomes link to I__

TJ have C/O
C perfringers can bind here and cause __ in GI tract

A

gap
connexins
Estrogen
oxytocin

Adherens kxn/desmosomes
actin
intermediate

paracellular
preeclampsia

integrins

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2
Q

gastrin secreting tumor in SI/pancreas indicates __
dx by measuring gastrin levels after administering __

first step in erythrocytosis is to measure RBC __
if normal, indicates __ process
usually due to D or D__

if RBC mass is inc, known as A\_\_
look at \_\_ level
if low, it is a \_\_ process like PV
all cell lines are \_\_
if high, think N\_\_ or H\_\_
only \_\_ elevated

then, measure SaO2, if less than __ its hypoxia

A

gastrinoma
secretin

mass
relative
dehydration, diuresis

absolute
EPO
primary
increased

neoplasia, hypoxia
RBC

92

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3
Q

PCR requires DNA __ for expansion
__ sequences to make primers

hypotension, tachycardia, cool extemities indicates __ shock
__/__ systems will be high
must have replacement of __/__
this inc preload inc end diastolic sarcomere __ to inc SV/CO

A

sequences
flanking

hypovolemic
SNS/RAAS
blood/fluids
length

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4
Q

pt w lung mass, cerebellar sx and autopsy findings indicates paraneoplastic __ degen
usually S__ lung cancer, breast, ovarian, U__
prog worse dizziness, L/T ataxia, dysarthria, visual disturbs
AI against Purkinje neuron __

think metastasis w __ sx and metastatic cancer cells

Cushing syndrome is paraneoplastic of __ lung cancer and P__ cancer

A
cerebellar
SCLC
uterine
limb, truncal
antigens

mass effect

SCLC, pancreatic

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5
Q

paralysis of all instrinsic muscles of hand is __ palsy
damage to lower trunk of __
weakness of __ leads to impaired flexion of MCP
sparing of extrinsic __ and extensors leads to claw hand

weakness of gluteus medius/minimus will cause hip to sag __ affected side upon standing (trendelenburg) and pt will lean toward __ upon walking

injury to the IGN causes problems __ from chair

HSP is caused by type __ HS rxn w IgA immune complex deposition
deposits in renal M_ and small vessels w activation of alternate/lecithin complement pathways
may have A/I

A

Klumpke
brachial plexus
lumbricals
flexors

away from
affected

rising

3
mesangium
arthralgia, intussception

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6
Q

indirect inguinal hernia is covered in __ spermatic fascia

in pt w dec renal perfusion ie RAS, hypo__ and C__, GFR is low
RAAS releases __ to constrict EA and raise GFR

Affarent arteriole releases / to promote its own vasodilation

Dentate line formed via anal __ of venous sinusoids/CT
w inc pressure, they bulge and become __/__
Internal hemorrhoids drain into __ veins and IMV
External hemorrhoids drain into inferior __ vein then IPV and Internal __ vein

A

internal

volemia, CHF
AT2

PG/NO

cushions
inflamed/prolapsed
superior rectal
rectal, iliac

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7
Q

Postherpetic neuralgia due to sensitization of affarent nerves in __ horn
tx w TCA like A or anticonvulsant like G/P

Capsaicin causes activation of _ to lead to Ca buildup
leads to dysfxn of nociceptive fibers ie D__
over time, Capsaicin depletes __ to dec pain

TCA dec reuptake of __/__ and inhibit pain signals

Gaba/Pre dec depolarization of __ in CNS

A

dorsal
amitriptyline
gabapentin, pregabalin

TRPV1
defunctionalization
Substance P

NE/5HT3

neurons

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8
Q

debilitating HA, retroorbital pain, photophobia, w fever, myalgia indicates ___
transmitted via air from __
presents w lobar __
Leukocytes are __ and platelets are low, LFT __

aging results in thinning of __ w dec subq fat, BV, hair follicles
__ ridges at DE jxn are flat
inc __ of collagen that leads to wrinkling

In HBV, hepatocytes will express HBsAg and HBcAg along w __ to activate CD8 t cells w resulting damage

A
Q fever
animal waste
PNA
normal
INC

epidermis
rete
crosslinking

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9
Q

GI bleeding precipitates hepatic enceph due to Hb breakdown inc __ products in gut
excess dietary __ intake also triggers
use R__ to dec intestinal prodxn/absorption of ammonia
can also be used in travelers diarrhea as it inhibs bacterial RNA synth via __ dependent RNA poly

peptidoglycan __ provides shape of bacteria and resistance to __ stress

S/S are most sensitive to higher temperatures, and are the reason orchiopexy is needed before 1yo

A

nitrogenous
protein
rifaximin
DNA

cell wall
osmotic

semiferous tubules, steroli cells

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10
Q

K__ is MT motor protein for anterograde transport of vesicles/organelles

T tubules are located at jxn of / band in myocyte

Mullerian ducts are para__
in females, give rise to F, U, C, UV

variable uterine development w short vagina is __
may have coexisting __ anomaly, so need US
SSC/ovaries are __

AIS pt has minimal axillary/pubic __ and no U, O, w cryptorchid teste

A

kinesin

I/A

mesonephros
FT, uterus, cervix, upper vagina

Mullerian agenesis
renal
normal

hair, uterus/ovaries

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11
Q

VK is necessary cofactor gamma glutamyl __
`
dx acute humoral rejection of transplant via direct __

patchy necrosis w granulation tissue in donated organ indicates __ damage

BHCG is high in complete mole due to T__ hyperplasia

Niacin can be obtained through endogenous synthesis of T__
Hartnup dz is def of neutral AA T__ transports in PCT
neutral amino acid__ and dec absorption
presents like __ thus tx w niacin

A

carboxylase

immunofluoresence

ischemic

trophoblastic

tryptophan
tryptophan
uria
pellagra

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12
Q

EBV encoded oncogenes cause P/Anti__ pathways to upregulate w resulting immortalization of B cells
detect w heterophil __ antibodies

Recurrent, intrsive anx provoking thought/urge is O___
response to obsession is C__
must be __ consuming or cause distress for dx

A

proliferative, anti-apoptotic

IgM

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