Tues Wk 5 Mixed Flashcards
Ioninizing radiation causes __ breakage and free radical formation
cell death curve is __ upon initial exposure, but becomes straight w subsequent exposure
adenine methylation indicates __ strand and no trxn
HIV outer envelope protein __ binds CD4/CCR5
Nef protein is used to dec expression of __ on surface
Tat protein used for viral __
T cells protect against __ candida
PMN protect against __ infection
B__ has stimulating effects, thus use w low energy/hypersomnia
double strand
flat
parent
gp120
MHC Class 1
replication
superficial
disseminated
buproprion
bladder is E__ in location
suprapubic cystostomy pierces __ of ab wall and superficial/transversalis __ and abdominal fat
the top of the bladder has P__ but is located under bowel
__ inc F26BP and therefore glycolysis
CO binds __ to Hb, forming carboxyhemoglobin
this inc O2 __ even in myoglobin, dec CO
muscle atrophy is seen as reduction in __/__ w dec protein synthesis/myofibrils
status epilepticus is seizure lasting more than __ minutes or multiple seizures w incomplete recovery
initial drug of choice is __
use long acting __ to prevent recurrence
inhibits euronal firing by dec sodium channels ability to recover from __
extraperitoneal
aponeurosis, fascia
peritoneum
insulin
competitively
affinity
mitochondria/RER
5
lorazepam
phenytoin
inactivation
V__ is inhib of GABA transaminase
L__ inhibits voltage gated Na channels and inhibits glutamate reuptake
__ is acute phase reactant and central regulator of iron homeostasis
released by __ at high iron levels/inflamm conditions, dec by inc RBC/hypoxia
influences __ which takes intracellular iron to circulation
if ferroportin/hepcidin interact, __ is degraded and no iron is absorbed/released
Iron absorbed in proximal SI via __ receptor
may then bind __ in enterocytes and be excreted
or bind __ and released to bind transferrin to go intracellular
vigabitrin
lamontrigine
hepcidin
liver
ferroportin
ferroportin
DMT1
ferritin
ferroportin
Postpartum __ is due to failure of ureterus to contract and compress placental site blood vessels
leads to uterine __ w boggy uterus
pelvic organs supplied by __ arteries (aka hypogastric)
ligation of this allows blood from __ artery to supply uterus
HTN vasculopathy affects small penetrating branches of major __
leads to __ aneurysm of BG, cerebellar nuclei, P/T
BG is supplied by __ off MCA
leads to contralateral __ and hemianesthesia due to CS/Somatic fiber damage
look for hyperdense bleeding w ___
Super MCA supplies areas of __ lobe
Inferior MCA supplies areas of __ lobe
Cortical branches cause __ hemorrhage
usually due to __ angiopathy
hemorrhage
atony
internal iliac
ovarian
cerebral arteries CB pons, thalamus lenticulostriate hemiparesis midline shift frontal parietal
lobar
amyloid
infiltration of intestinal LP w atypical lymphocytes indicates GI __
RV failure after MI occurs __
see hypotension and clear __ w kussmaul sign
Papillary muscle rupture occurs w/in _ days
acute, severe pulm edema and __
IV septem defect w/in __ days
new __ murmur and higher O2 content in LV
Free wall rupture occurs w/in _ days
see pericardial _ and distant heart sounds
Estrogen levels are __ in Klinefelter syndrome
C tetani grows in wound due to __ environment
toxin released by bacterial __ and travels retrograde to spinal cord/medulla
prevents release of __ NT
MALToma
acutely lung 5 mitral regurgitation 5 holosystolic 14 tamponade
high
anaerobic
autolysis
inhibitory
Rabies virus goes to nerves of __ into cerebellum/brain/hippocampus
then leaves to go to __
botulinum toxin goes from __ to peripheral nerves
viral RNAse H is present in __ to remove primer
bacterial meningitis glucose is __ and protein is __
failed lateral fusion of paramesonephric ducts can lead to B__ uterus
complete lack of fusion leads to uterine D__
failed involution leads to longitudinal __
dx w H__ and MRI
tx HIT w direct thrombin inhibs H/L/A
D/C inhibit PDE activity and inc cAMP
Gp2B/3A inhibs E, A, T
spinal cord
salivary gland
food
HIV
low, high
bicornte
didelphys
uterine septum
hysterosalpingogram
hirudin, lepirudin, argatroban
dipyramidole, cilostazol
eptifibatide, abciximab, tirofiban
PPB occurs w/in __ and resolves by 2w
sx include mild __ and sadness
tx w R__
PPD occurs w/in __ wks
symptoms of __ for 2w
manage w __ and psychotherapy
PPP occurs variably w D/P/H/disorganized behavior
tx w __/__ and mood stabilizers
must __ pt
__ ribosomes remain in cytoplasm to trnsl cytosolic/neuclosol/peroxisoe and mito proteins
Attached ribosomes transl __ proteins and proteins of Golgi/lysosomes
SER used for __/__ synthesis and detoxification
days
depression
reassurance
6
MD
antidepressants
delusions, psychosis, hallucinations
AD/AP
hospitalize
free
membrane
lipid/carb
Epi limits glucose use by __ tissues and stimulates hepatic gluconeogensis
Neurogenic sx of hypoglycemia include __/__ activation
this is T/P/A/S/H/P
neuroglycopenic sx include C, visual probs, stupor, seizure
use of nonselective __ can inhibit gluconeogenesis and lipolysis, exacerbating hypoglycemia/cholingeric sx
use selective B1 blockers and partial agonists P/A instead
insulin sensitive
SNS/Cholingergic
tremor, anx, palps, sweating, hunger, paresthesias
confusion
BB
Pindolol/acetabulol
withdrawal
tremors, anx, delirium, psychosis, insomnia indicate B/A and can be fatal
NV, ab cramps, diarrhea w DILATED PUPILS/YAWNING/LACRIMATION indicate __ withdrawal
Stimulants and nicotine have inc __ w hypersomnia, irritability, and severe __(esp w cocaine)
Vestibular nausea due to input to __/__ receptors
thus tx w S/M/P
diabetic gastroparesis drug is M__
benzos, alcohol
opioid
appetite
depression
H1/M1
scopolamine, meclizine/promethazine
metoclopramide
painful enlarged thyroid gland following viral infect is __ thyroiditis
see inflam infiltrate w __
transient __ state and low radioiodine uptake
inflam markers are __
Hashimoto thyroiditis has__ infiltrate w germinal centers/Hurthle cells
branching or tall papillary structures and follicular hyperplasia w Calcification is __
Graves dz may have tall cells and follicular hyperplasia but radioiodine uptake is __ due to inc TSH
__ thyroiditis has fibrosis into surrounding tissues
BCL2 allows cell __ when translocatd to Ig heavy chain locus of chromo 14
subacute granulomatous
multinucleated giant cells
hyperthyroid
high
lymphocytic
PTC
high
reidel
immortality
panc pseudocyst composed of __ tissue to encase fluid
most common location is __ peritoneal sac
true cysts are lined w __ cells
enterocyte tips w clear/foamy cytoplasm more prominent at the tips is due to ___ dz
SB enterocytes secrete __ bound to apoB48
VLDL secreted from liver bound to apo__
MTP functions as __ protein for proper folding
Abetalipoproteinemia due to AR mutation in __ gene
lipid absorbed in SI cannot go to blood and __ in intestines
sx include M_ w low TG/cholesterol, VLDL/chylomicrons
RBC become A__ and pt has neuro manifestations like ataxia and R__
granulation
lesser
epithelial
abetalipoproteinemia
chylomicrons
B100
chaperone
MTP
accumulate
malabsorption
acanthocytes, retinis pigmentosum
cellular __ allows multiple processes to occur w/in cell
Mito has __ of FA, __ cycle, and carboxylation of pyruvate
Cytosol has G__, FA __ and PPP
Alcoholic steatosis is due to dec FA __ due to high NADH levels
can inc __ fat catabolism w subsequent synthesis in liver
stain lipids w __/__
trabecular bone is S__ and more metabolically active
bone loss following _ occurs here in vertebral bodies/femur
over time __ bone is involved
Osteosclerosis has persistance of primary __ in medullary cavity
well defined lung coin lesion w popcorn calcification is __
see hyaline catilage, Fibrous and __ tissue
__ carcinoma is type of adenoca and grows along alveolar septae w out invasion
compartmentalization
B oxidation, TCA
glycolysis, synthesis
oxidation
peripheral
oil red/sudan black
spongy
menopause
compact
spongiosa
hamartoma
adipose
bronchogenic
