Wed Wk 5 Mixed 3 Flashcards
primary adrenal insuficiency is most likely __ cx to all 3 zones of AC
ACTH does not __ cortisol
since GC inc insulin resistance and are low, less __ is req
leads to nongap MA w loss of __ and retained Cl
release of __ further exacerbates hyponatremia
Tertiary adrenal insuffiency has adrenal gland that will respond to __ w high aldo levels
MW syndrome due to inc Intraab/intraluminal __
assc w A and __ hernia
Inc venous pressure assc w life threatening __ from esophageal varices
missense/nonsense mutations only cause discrepancy in __ thus not seen in RTPCR
AI release insulin HCO3 ADH
AT2
pressure
alcoholism, hiatal
hemorrage
protein
GTO are at jxn of muscle/tendon and innervated by group __ sensory axons
connected in series to __ skeletal muscle fibers
contration sends tension through __ that is insensitive to length bc it is located in __
contact __ interneurons in spinal cord, which synapse A motor neurons of muscle
acts as __ feedback to stop muscle tension
A delta fibers are thin, myelinated fibers for /
constitute __ portion of withdrawal from noxious stimuli
Muscle spinds are in __ muscle fibers
innervated by group 1a and __ axons and are sensitive to change muscle length
mediate _ reflex that activates a motor neuron to restist stretch
Pacinian corpuscles are __ adapting mechanoreceptors of subq tissue in S/M/P/joint
Ruffini is _ adapting mechanoreceptors
mediate touch/prop and __ via A beta fibers
1b extrafusal spinal cord tendon inhibitory negative
pain/temperature
affarent
intrafusal
2
myotactic
rapid
slow
vibration
muscle spindles monitor/maintain muscle __
GTO monitors/maintains musce __
Z is lipooxygenase inhib
abundance of ATP inhibits __ of TCA, thus citrate becomes acetyl coa
this upregulates acetyl coa __ to produce malonyl coa and begin FA __
B oxidation of FA occurs in mito __
requires __ for FA transport, but is inhibited by high malonyl coa
__ is febrile illness w rash, encephalitis and flaccid paralysis
transmitted by female __ mosquito
look for __ to dx
think __ carcinoma in pt w hematuria and rubber/leather/plastics/textile exposure
tx hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism w pulsatile _
loss dominant __ in urine, surge in urine LH and inc serum P/BBT indicate __
length
force
ziluteon
Isocitrate dehydrogenase carboxylase synthesis matrix carnitine
WNV
Culex
antibodies
transitional cell
GnRH
follicle
ovulation
ETEC must colonize __ via pili
toxins are __ encoded
__ forms stacked brick intestinal adhesion in mucosa
Loop diuretics also stimulate __ to inc GFR/drug delivery
N__ is recomb BNP used in HF
invariant region of MHC class 2 directs it to \_\_ for processing and is released upon fusion w acidic phagolysosomes this aids in loading \_\_ onto MHC class 2 they can now interact w \_\_ on T cells
large VSD results in high volume __ across defect, w soft murmur
smaller defects have small movement of __ thus loud murmur
inc afterload causes more flow across __ thus accentuating the murmur
SI
phage
EAEC
nesiritide
Golgi
antigen
TCR
shunt
blood
shunt
left renal vein is __ in pressure than right due to compression by aorta/sma
crosses aorta just __ sma
can lead to H, P, and V
dec in intravascular volume in MCD leads to inc release of __
Serotonin produced by __ nuclei in brainstem
Caudate nucleus may release __
locus ceruleus in dorsal pons secretes __
w/in 4 days of MI, __/__ pericarditis can develop in area of necrosis
disappears w __ use
Dressler syndrome pericarditis is __ inflamed
HepB has nucleocapsid core of __ w outer envelope of __
partial ds circular DNA is transcribed to __ then translated/RT into DNA
higher
beneath
hematuria, pain, varicocele
aldosterone
raphe
GABA
NE
fibrinous/serofibrinous
NSAIDs
diffusely
HBcAg
HBsAg
mRNA
C botulinum is __ FORMING ANAEROBIC BACTERIA
intracellular GRANULES is __
GC inc G/G and lipolysis, thus antagonizing __
inhibit __ prolif/collagen formation in skin
results in thinning and __
also inhibit __ fxn to cause osteoprorosis
femoral hernias occur in __
lateral to pubic tubercle, medial to __/__
smaller canal means I/S can occur w ischemia/necrosis
Pectineal/cooper fasicia is posterior to __ canal
__ fascia is posterior to inguinal canal
ROUND LIGAMENT is like __ in men
neurofibromas are composed of __ cells from NCC
spore
Diptheria
gluco, glycogenesis, insulin
fibroblast
striae
osteoblast
femoral canal
Femoral artery/vein
strangulation, incarceration
femoral
tranversalis
spermatic cord
schwann
GI sx, neuro sx, and anemia should be __ exposure
look for inc venous __ and inc serum _ protoporphyrin
__ ON PERIPHERAL SMEAR
__ on BONE MARROW
may have __/__ drop w PN
HJ bodies indicate poor __ fxn
drug induced liver failure due to __
see __ pattern of injury just like fulminant hepatitis
liver appears __
due to __ rxn w immune mediated attack
look for high __ and __ time, leukocytosis and eosinophilia
__ cyst is midline neckmass that moves superior upon swallowing
thyroid formed from pharyngeal __ at base of tongue
descends w __ duct, and if it fails to atrophy, can have mass
lead lead, Zn basophilic stippling Ringed sideroblasts wrist/foot
spleen
inhaled anesthetics hepatocellular small hypersensitivity ALT, prothrombin
thyroglossal duct
epithelium
thyroglossal
lateral neck mass over SCM muscle is __ cyst
__ cyst is midline but does not move superiorly upon swallowing
consist of __ structures like hair/sebaceous glands
E_ is fusion protein of Fc region of IgG1 and TNFR2
initial change from colon mucosa to small adenoma is __ to inc B catenin
__ mutation results in malignancy
hospice care req prog of less than __ m w irreversible decline
Phenytoin leads to __ defect, orofacial cleft, microcephaly and __/__ hypoplasia
Lithium leads to Ebstein and __ or hypothyroid
Isotretinoin leads to M, and thymic hypoplasia, w H__ and small ears
MTX leads to __/__ abnorms and abortion
Warfarin leads to __ hypoplasia and STIPPLED EPIPHYSIS
branchial cleft
dermoid
cutaneous
etanercept
APC
tp53
6
NT, nail/digit NDI microcephaly, hydrocephalus limb/craniofacial nasal
fixed, predetermined fee for all medical expenses is __
found in __ plan
see __ first, must have __ for specialist and can deny tx
Discounted fee for service pays prearranged __ rate
__ payment covers all cost for care (think elective surgery)
POS must see __ first for referral, but can see doc out of network
segmental, transmural necrotizing inflam of M/S arteries is __
spares __
may have bead like aneurysm and livedo __ or palpable purpura
chronic lymphedema is RF for cutaneous __ aka Stewart Treves syndrome
usually due to radical __ w axillary LN dissection
see __ infiltration w abnormal vasc spaces
capitation HMO PC, referral discounted Global PC
PAN
pulmonary system
reticularis
angiosarcoma
mastectomy
Meglinitides bind to ATP Dep K channel which is a membrane __ channel for Ca
similar to SFU but have shorter __ thus req more freq dosing
GLP1 is secreted by __ cells of intestine to activate GPCR-AC system
carbs are only absorbed as
ubiquitin attaches __ molecules before ATP mediated destruction
failure may lead to __ syndromes like PD/AD
mutations in P/P/D genes may impair protein folding/aggregation/traffic
leads to AR form of __ less than 50
RARA is needed for __ differentiation
APL may be assc w _
ALL w __ suggests good prog
Burkitt lymphoma mutations __, __, __ w cmyc
ion
half life
L
monosaccharides
4
neurodeg
parkin, pink1, DJ1
parkinsons
myeloblast
DIC
CD10
8, 14
2, 8
8, 22
after 18hrs, __ is depleted and gluco kicks in
body switches to __ synthesis to salvage proteins
converted to __ in mitochondria for energy
__ cannot use KB because it has no mito
__ cannot use KB bc it cannot form acetyl coa from KB
glycogen
ketone body
acetyl coa
RBC
liver
