Flashcards in Contraception - Combined Hormonal Deck (49)
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1
What does hormonal contraction use?
The female steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone
2
Is hormonal contraception effective?
Yes, is very effective way of preventing pregnancy
3
What can hormonal contraception be split into?
- Combined methods
- Progesterone-only
4
What do combined methods of hormonal contraception contain?
Oestrogen and progesterone
5
What is the primary action of combined hormonal contraception?
Inhibits ovulation due to the negative feedback effect of the oestrogen and progesterone on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. This prevents the surge in LH, thus preventing ovulation
6
What are the additional actions of progesterone in combined hormonal contraception?
- Inhibits proliferation of endometrium, creating unfavourable conditions for implantation
- Increases thickness of cervical mucus, preventing passage of sperm
7
How is a period free of hormones achieved in combined hormonal contraceptives?
The patient takes a pill-free break or takes placebos
8
What does the period free of hormones cause when using combined hormonal contraceptives?
A fall in hormone levels, which leads to degeneration of the endometrium and menstrual bleeding
9
What is the failure rate of combined hormonal contraceptives with perfect use?
0.3%
10
What is the typical failure rate of combined hormonal contraceptives?
9%
11
What is the combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) commonly called?
The pill
12
What does the COCP contain?
Oestrogen and progesterone
13
How many tablets are there in a packet of the COCP?
Either 21 or 28
14
What is the regime of COCP with a packet containing 21 tablets?
Taken consecutively for 21 days, and then a 7-day break when no pills are taken
15
What is the regime of COCP with a packet containing 28 tablets?
The pills are taken non-stop, and there is no break before starting the next packet
16
What are the types of COCP?
- Monophasic
- Phasic
17
What is meant by monophonic COCP?
Every pill contains the same levels of oestrogen and progesterone
18
What is meant by phasic COCP?
Levels of oestrogen and progesterone in the pills changes throughout the cycle
19
Other than monophonic and phasic, how can the hormone levels vary between different pills?
Can have varying levels of oestrogen
20
What is classified as a 'low oestrogen' COCP?
Contains 20µg of ethinylestradiol
21
What is more common, monophasic or phasic?
Monophasic
22
Give 2 examples of monophasic COCPs?
- Microgynon 30
- Brevinor
23
Is microgynon 30 and brevinor given in 21 or 28 tablet packs?
21
24
What are the types of phasic COCPs?
- Biphasic
- Triphasic
- Quadriphasic
25
What is very important when the patient is taking phasic COCP?
They take them in the correct order
26
Give 2 examples of phasic COCPs
- Qlaria
- Binovum
27
What kind of COCP is Qlaria?
Quadriphasic
28
Is Qlaria given in 21 or 28 tablet packs?
28
29
How many active pills are there in a pack of Qlaria?
26 (2 inactive)
30
