Flashcards in Mechanical Ventilation Deck (77)
Loading flashcards...
1
Movement of gas in and out of alveoli and defined as the maintenance of normal arterial blood carbon dioxide concentration of 35-45 mmHg is known as what?
Normal ventilation
2
What is eupnea?
Normal respiration
3
What is dyspnea?
Difficult or labored breathing.
4
What is tachypnea?
Excessively rapid respiration.
5
What is bradypnea?
Abnormal slowness of breathing.
6
An abnormal breathing pattern of breathing characterized by progressively deeper and sometimes faster breathing, followed by a gradual decrease that results in a temporary stop in breathing is known as what?
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
7
An abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by groups of quick, shallow inspirations followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea is known as what?
Biot's respiration
8
A deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis but also kidney failure is known as what?
Kussmaul breathing
9
An abnormal breathing pattern of breathing characterized by deep, gasping inspiration with a pause at full inspiration followed by a brief, insufficient release is known as what?
Apneustic respiration
10
Air in the lungs can be divided into what 4 different volumes?
- Tidal volume
- Inspiratory reserve volume
- Expiratory reserve volume
Residual volume
11
Air in the lungs can be divided into what 4 different capacities?
- Inspiratory capacity
- Functional residual capacity
- Vital capacity
- Total lung capacity
12
Inspiratory capacity is equal to what?
Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume
13
Functional residual capacity is equal to what?
Expiratory reserve volume + Residual volume
14
Vital capacity is equal to what?
Inspiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + Expiratory reserve volume
15
Total lung capacity is equal to what?
Inspiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + Expiratory reserve volume + Residual volume
16
What are 2 things that can be measured with a spirometer?
- Tidal volume
- Vital capacity
17
Minute ventilation is equal to what?
Tidal volume x Respiratory frequency
18
What is the minute ventilation of a patient that has a tidal volume of 250 mL and a respiratory rate of 12 bpm?
3,000 mL/mg
19
What can alter the patient's ability to normally ventilate?
Anesthetic drugs
20
What is required for inhalant anesthetics to be properly taken up and eliminated?
Ventilation
21
What can maintain a smooth and stable plane of anesthesia?
Controlled ventilation
22
What is hypercapnia?
Increased level of CO2.
23
What directly causes vasodilation of peripheral arterioles and myocardial depression?
Hypercapnia
24
Hypercapnia can lead to increased intracranial pressure due to what?
Vasodilation
25
Does hypercapnia directly or indirectly increase circulating catecholamines?
Indirectly
26
Narcosis progresses with PaCO2 values above what level?
95 mmHg
27
Complete anesthesia is induced at what level?
245 mmHg
28
IPPV stands for what?
Intermittent positive pressure ventilation
29
IMV stands for what?
Intermittent mandatory ventilation
30
