Flashcards in NSAIDs Deck (104)
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1
what are 4 uses of NSAIDs?
- Mild to moderate pain relief
- Anti-inflammatory
- Analgesic
- Anti-pyretic
2
What is the largest group of drugs having adverse effects?
NSAIDs
3
The use of lower doses of multiple drug classes provides higher safety and less negative side effects is known as what?
Multi-modal analgesia
4
NSAIDs have sparing effects on what other category of drug?
Opioids
5
What is the rate-limiting step of the arachidonic acid cascade?
Release of AA from membrane phospholipid catalyzed by enzyme phospholipase A2.
6
Cyclooxygenase (COX) oxidizes arachidonic acid (AA) to what?
Prostaglandins (PGs)
7
Lipoxygenase (LOX) oxidizes AA to what?
Leukotrienes
8
Are prostaglandins continually synthesized?
Yes
9
Are prostaglandins stored?
No
10
Where do prostaglandins act?
Locally at site of production.
11
T/F: Prostaglandins have only a few physiological functions.
False - Prostaglandins have many physiological functions.
12
What can inhibition of prostaglandins result in?
Serious side effects.
13
What are 2 functions of COX 1?
- Mucosal defense
- Platelet function (TxA2)
14
What effect does COX 2 have on mucosa?
Prevents erosions & promotes healing.
15
Which COX acts as an anti-inflammatory?
How?
- COX 2
- Inhibits leukocyte adherence
16
Which COX offers renal protection?
COX 2
17
Which COX is involved with fever initiation?
COX 3
18
What are 4 functions COX inhibition affects?
- Primary plug formation of platelets
- Renal & gastric mucosa vascular tone
- Smooth muscle contraction
- Temperature regulation
19
T/F: Different drugs inhibit COX 1, 2 & 3 variably.
True
20
Which COX is involved with vicero-nociception and thermal stimulation?
COX 1
21
T/F: COX 1 is involved in constitutive functions with COX 2.
True
22
Which COX is inducible?
COX 2
23
Which COX is up-regulated during inflammatory states?
COX 2
24
There is over a 20 times greater presence of which COX at injured sites?
COX 2
25
Which COX has a key role in nociception?
COX 2
26
What are 2 functions of COX 3?
- Pyrexia
- Analgesia
27
Does COX 3 have better or poorer anti-inflammatory properties than COX 1 & 2?
Poorer
28
COX 3 is derived from what?
COX 1 gene
29
What are 5 drugs that inhibit both COX 1 & 2?
- Aspirin
- Phenylbutazone
- Ketoprofen
- Ketorolac
- Flunixin meglumine
30
