Borrelia

Question 1

endemic relapsing fever is caused by?

Answer 1

Borrelia recurrentis

Question 2

vector of endemic relapsing fever

Answer 2

genus Ornithodorus (ticks)

Question 3

False abt  Borrelia recurrentis
A. can be cultured in fluid media
B. slow multip in chick embryos
C. passed from gen to gen in some ticks
D. stain readily with bacteriological dyes

Answer 3

B

rapid dapat

Question 4

false about antigenic structure of B.recurrentis
A. remain the same throughout course of single infection
B. permit survival of only antigenically distinct variants
C. act as selective factor
D. none of the 3

Answer 4

A

pabago-bago throughout

Question 5

Which is not a fatal manifestation of the presence of B.recurrentis?
A. hemorrhagic lesions in kidney and GIT
B. spirochetes in liver and spleen
C. over heating of the heart
D. spirochetes in brain and spinal fluid

Answer 5

C

Question 6

Before B.recurrentis enters the bloodstream, what part of the body does it infect?

Answer 6

mucous membrane

Question 7

false about febrile stage of B.recurrentis pathogenesis:
A. organism is absent
B. antibodies vs spirochetes are present
C. attack is terminated by agglutinating and lytic effects
D. relapse may still occur

Answer 7

A

organism is present; sa afebrile stage siya wala.

Question 8

in thick/thin blood smears, what smear is used?
A. Wright
B. Giemsa
C. both A& B
D. none of the choices

Answer 8

C

Question 9

Animal inoculation (white mice): used for diagnosis of relapsing fever. How is the bacteria inoculated?

Answer 9

intraperitoneally

Question 10

Which is not a way for a tick to transmit B.recurrentis?
A. biting
B. being crushed 
C. both are ways
D. both are not ways

Answer 10

C

Question 11

infected humans with lice –> lice becomes infected by ___

Answer 11

sucking blood

Question 12

Vaccination is a method commonly used to prevent relapsing fever. T or F

Answer 12

F

no vaccine is available

Question 13

What disease is caused by Borrelia bugdorferi?

Answer 13

lyme disease

Question 14

Lyme disease’s causative agent is transmitted by bite of a small __ tick

Answer 14

Ixodes

Question 15

T or F: B.burgdorferi stains readily with acid dye but not with aniline dye

Answer 15

F

it can readily be stained by both dyes

Question 16

What structure makes B.burgdorferi highly motile?

Answer 16

endoflagella

Question 17

complex liquid medium used to culture B.burgdorferi

Answer 17

Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly medium

Question 18

What helps B.burgdorferi live in very diff ticks and mammalian hosts?

Answer 18

large number of sequences of lipoproteins

Question 19

In the course of pathogenesis, B.burgdorferi adheres to ___ on host cells. c/o ___

Answer 19

proteoglycans

borrelial GAG receptor

Question 20

In what stage does erythema chronicum migrans happen?
A. stage 1
B. stage 2
C. stage 3
D. all 3 stages

Answer 20

A

Question 21

Which is false about B.burgdorferi diagnosis?
A. blood is used for seroloical tests
B. CSF is the best sample
C. culture takes 6-8 weeks
D. molecular probes(PCR) have 85% sensitivity, but lower sensitivity @ synovial fluid samples

Answer 21

B

Question 22

Western blot is a technique used to confirm results by other tests. It usually utilizes the ____ with the bacteria’s proteins

Answer 22

size of the antibody reactions

Question 23

In electrophoresis, the antigens of B.burgdorferi are separated and transferred to a ___ + reacted with patient serum

Answer 23

nitrocellulose membrane

Question 24

Which is false?
A. immunologic response develops slowly
B. early antimicrobial treatment increases antibody response
C. both are true
D. both are false

Answer 24

B

Decreases dapat

Question 25

Which is false?
A. nymphal stage is where least exposures occur, since ticks are least active. May-July
B. larval stage: Aug to Sept
C. adult stage: feed on humans, transmit B.burgdorferi, spring to fall

Answer 25

A

change least to most