Normal Flora

Question 1

Transient normal flora may have commensal relationship with humans. true or false?

Answer 1

true

Question 2

A baby inside the womb is not sterile for it acquires normal flora the moment it is implanted. True or false?

Answer 2

false, normal flora is acquired upon rupture of bag of water + passage thru birth canal

Question 3

Which is true?

a. humans benefit from commensal normal flora
b. humans benefit from mutualistic normal flora
c. both a & b

Answer 3

b. humans benefit from mutualistic normal flora

Question 4

Clindamycin is an antibiotic associated with the ___ of normal flora

a. overgrowth
b. eradication
c. Clindamycin isn’t even an antibiotic.

Answer 4

a. overgrowth

Question 5

Which does not make way for opportunistic normal flora to take advantage?

a. old age
b. drinking Yakult/Chamyto
c. immunocompromised condition or treatment
d. prolonged antibiotic use

Answer 5

b. drinking Yakult/Chamyto

Question 6

Which is not a characteristic of normal flora?

a. adherence to host cell
b. production of antimicrobial substances
c. none of the above

Answer 6

c. none of the above

Question 7

Desquamation is the detachment of host epithelial cells from the body surface and replacement of lost cells by new cells. Does it eliminate both pathogenic bacteria & normal flora?

Answer 7

No. It only eliminates pathogenic bacteria.

Question 8

Streptococcus salivarius - (a)
Streptococcus mutans - (b)

What is (a) and what is (b)?

Answer 8

(a) tongue

(b) tooth enamel

Question 9

normal flora does not produce organic acids and vitamins, true or false?

Answer 9

false; it produces organic acids, vit B12 and vit K

Question 10

False about oral thrush

a. may be caused by Saccharomyces cervisiae
b. steroid therapy may be predisposing condition Steroid therapy
c. Prolonged antibiotic treatment may trigger this
d. may be caused by Candida albicans

Answer 10

a. may be caused by Saccharomyces cervisiae

Candida albicans dapat!

Question 11

False about pseudomembranous colitis

a. prolonged antibiotic treatment may trigger this
b. Neisseria difficile may cause this
c. none of the above

Answer 11

b. Neisseria difficile may cause this

Clostridium difficile dapat!

Question 12

Pneumocystis carinii may cause____ in people with ____

Answer 12

pneumonia, AIDS

Question 13

Neisseria meningitides causes meningitis due to ____

Answer 13

complement deficiency

Question 14

Normal flora at the skin is normally Gram positive. However, there are certain types of anaerobic bacteria that are most often found near the rectum. These anaerobic bacteria fall under what category?

Answer 14

Enterobacteriaceae

Question 15

Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium, 
Streptococcus pneumoniae, 
Neisseria, 
Moraxella
Enterobacteriaceae

Which is not found on the eye?

Answer 15

Enterobacteriaceae (anaerobic)

Question 16

The normal flora of the eye can be found at which specific part of the eye?

Answer 16

Conjunctival area

Question 17

This substance in tears breaks down the peptidoglycan cell wall of pathogens.

Answer 17

Lysozyme

Question 18

What bacteria species in the nose can cause crusting in this organ (when the said bacteria becomes opportunistic)?

Answer 18

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 19

Which is not a Gram (+) bacteria species found in the upper respi tract?
A.Moraxella catarrhalis
B.Viridans streptococci
C.Staphylococcus aureus
D.Streptococus pneumoniae

Answer 19

A.Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 20

The lower respiratory tract houses normal flora, true or false?

Answer 20

False

Question 21

___ facilitates aggregation & removal of microbes from the mucus membrane

Answer 21

Secretory immunoglobulin A

Question 22

___:removes iron used by microbes

Answer 22

Lactoferrin

Question 23

​saliva which cause continuous flushing and ​desquamation of epithelial cells promotes removal of ​microbes, true or false?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Where is Eikenella corodens found?

Answer 24

Mouth or oropharynx

Question 25

Is Eikenella corodens Gram (+) or Gram (-)?

Answer 25

Gram (-)

Question 26

Normal flora at mouth is established before birth, true or false?

Answer 26

False, after birth yan

Question 27

True or false: there is bacteria found inside the stomach, near the rugae.

Answer 27

False. Bacteria are only able to colonize deeper layers of the walls.

Question 28

Bacteria are only able to colonize deeper layers of the walls of the stomach. Which of these does not commonly do this?
A. Streptococcus
B. Lactobacillus
C. Neisseria meningitides
D. Helicobacter pylori

Answer 28

C. Neisseria meningitides

Question 29

Bile salts are inhibitory to Gram-__ bacteria

Answer 29

Positive

Question 30

Why is it that the number of normal flora has increasing trend from duodenum to ileum?

Answer 30

ileum has higher pH than jejunum/duodenum

Question 31

o Staphylococcus epidermidis
o Streptococcus faecalis
o Lactobacillus
o Streptococcus mutans
o Corynebacterium

Which of these are not found in the urethra?

Answer 31

o Streptococcus mutans(at tooth enamel)

Question 32

The ff are sterile except
A. Ovary
B. Vagina
C. Uterus
D. Ovidct

Answer 32

B. Vagina

Question 33

​urination washes organisms out the urinary bladder, true or false?

Answer 33

False, walang organisms ang bladderx Urethra dapat

Question 34

pH of vagina does not change throughout sexual development, therefore the normal flora & the environment stay the same.. True or false?

Answer 34

False. pH of vagina changes throughout sexual development providing different environments for different organisms

Question 35

In the vagina, Enterobacteriaceae are more common in these ages

Answer 35

Prepubescent & post-menopausal

Question 36

Gardnerella vaginalis is Gram __

Answer 36

Negative