Flashcards in Neuroanatomy Deck (30)
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1
What are the 2 types of nervous cells
Neurons
Glial cells
2
What is a neuron?
Cell with multiple dendrites and one axon
3
How do neurons transmit action potentials?
Action potentials can travel in one direction from cell body to synaptic terminal
4
Where is the cell body of sensory neurons located?
Dorsal root ganglion
5
What is the function of myelin sheaths?
Increasing conduction speed in axons by saltatory conduction
6
What is multiple sclerosis?
Patchy loss/scarring of myelin sheath, resulting in abnormal nerve conduction across affected axons
7
What will be present on an MRI of multiple sclerosis?
Whitish plaques of demyelination
8
What are the different types of neurons?
Multipolar
Bipolar
Pseudopolar
9
How are neurons organised?
Axons are bundled together depending on what information they carry
10
What forms the grey matter inside the CNS?
Cell bodies and non myelinated axons
Nuclei
11
What forms the white matter inside the CNS?
Myelinated axons/ tracts of axons
12
What do cell bodies form in the periphery?
Ganglia
13
What do myelinated axons form in the periphery?
Nerves
14
What type of glial cells secrete myelin?
Ogliodendrocytes
Schwann
15
How is the neural tube formed?
Neural plate thickens and folds over
16
At what stage in development are vesicles formed?
Primary vesicles - week 4
2ry vesicles - week 5
17
What are the ventricles of the brain?
2 lateral vesicles
3rd ventricle
4th ventricle
18
What do the ventricles contain?
CSF
19
Where are the lateral ventricles located?
Cerebral hemispheres
20
Where is the 3rd ventricle located and what connects it to the lateral ventricles?
Diencephalon
Connected by the inter ventricular foramen
21
Where is the 4th ventricle located?
Hindbrain
22
Where is the cerebral aqueduct located?
Midbrain
23
What are the 3 coverings of the CNS?
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
24
What are the 3 coverings of the CNS collectively known as?
Meninges
25
Where is CSF located?
Ventricles of the brain
Central canal of spinal cord
Between the pia mater and arachnoid mater
26
What is the CSF responsible for?
Maintaining intracranial pressure
27
How many dural folds are there?
4
28
What is the function of dural folds?
Keeps the various parts of the brain in place
29
What is the function of the blood brain barrier?
Helps maintain a stable environment for the brain
Prevents harmful amino acids and ions present in bloodstream entering the brain
30
