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Flashcards in Crash course: Population Deck (30)
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1
Q

What is demography?

A

The study of human populations

2
Q

What can affect a country’s well-being?

A

The size, composition, and growth of a country’s population affects its well-being

3
Q

What percent of earth’s population lives in poorer, less developed countries? Where can those countries be found?

A

About 80% of Earth’s population lives in poorer, less developed regions in Latin America, Africa, and Asia

4
Q

Where can the largest concentration of people on earth be found?

A

In East Asia (China, Japan, Taiwan, and North & South Korea)

5
Q

Where is the second-largest concentration of people?

A

In South Asia (India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan)

6
Q

Where is the third-largest concentration of people?

A

In Europe (from the Atlantic to the Ural Mountains)

7
Q

Where is the highest number of urban dwellers?

A

Asia

8
Q

Where is the highest percentage of urban dwellers?

A

Europe

9
Q

What is density?

A

The number of people in a particular land area

10
Q

What is arithmetic density?

A

The total number of people divided by the total land area

11
Q

What is physiological density?

A

The number of people per unit of arable land. This is helpful for analyzing the amount of farmland available in the region

12
Q

What is agricultural density?

A

The amount of farmers per unit of arable land

13
Q

What does carrying capacity depend on?

A

Available space, available technology, weather, climate, and ability to bring in resources from other areas to support its people

14
Q

How has Japan avoided overpopulation?

A

It has increased its carrying capacity to avoid overpopulation by developing trade relationships with other countries so Japan could import food for its people in exchange for Japanese technology

15
Q

What are some reasons for under development?

A

Colonial exploitation, educational and gender inequities, and inefficient economic & agricultural processes in place (among other factors)

16
Q

What is a group of people the same age known as?

A

A cohort

17
Q

What are some countries with graying populations?

A

Russia, Japan, and Italy

18
Q

What can having a high dependency ratio lead to?

A

Problems because there are fewer workers able to pay taxes and support programs needed to care for dependents, such as health care

19
Q

What is causing an increasing dependency ratio and where?

A

There’s an increasing dependency ration in Western Europe and the US as the baby boomers age

20
Q

What is the CBR (crude birth rate)?

A

The CBR (crude birth rate) is the number of live births per 1,000 people in a year

21
Q

What is CDR (crude death rate)?

A

The CDR (crude death rate) is the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a year

22
Q

What is fecundity?

A

The ability of a woman to conceive.

23
Q

What is the general fertility rate (GFR)?

A

The number of births per 1,000 women in their fecund years, more specific than the CBR

24
Q

What is the Total Fertility Rate (TFR)?

A

The predicted number of births a women will have as she passes through her fecund years

25
Q

What number TFR is considered replacement level fertility?

A

2.1-2.5

26
Q

What did Karl Marx say about population growth?

A

He said that the problem wasn’t population growth rates, but was related to the unequal distribution of wages and resources

27
Q

What did Ester Borserup say about population growth?

A

That overpopulation could be avoided by increasing the number of subsistence farmers

28
Q

What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

A

An epidemic is a disease that affects one more local region more acutely and a pandemic is global

29
Q

What is an epicenter?

A

A region at the center of impact

30
Q

What is another name for demographic momentum and where does it usually happen?

A

Sometimes called hidden momentum, demographic momentum occurs in many under developed countries when the population continues to grow even after replacement level fertility is reached