MYCOVIRO - CH 59 Book

Question 1

Except for disease caused by ___, humans are resistant to infections caused by fungi.

Answer 1

dimorphic fungi

Question 2

Classification of Fungi based on Appearance of Colonies

moist, creamy, opaque, pasty colonies

Answer 2

yeasts

Question 3

Classification of Fungi based on Appearance of Colonies

– fluffy, cottony, woolly or powdery colonies

Answer 3

Mold or Filamentous fungi

Question 4

– exhibit either a yeast and filamentous forms

Answer 4

Dimorphic fungi

Question 5

– when dimorphism is temperature dependent

Answer 5

Thermally dimorphic fungi

Question 6

Thermally dimorphic fungi produce a mold form at what temp

Answer 6

25C – 30C

Question 7

Thermally dimorphic fungi produce yeast form at what C

Answer 7

35-37C

Question 8

– fungi that have more than one independent form or spore stage; not temperature dependent

Answer 8

Polymorphic fungi

Question 9

4 Phyla

-includes organisms that produce sparsely septate hyphae

Answer 9

Zygomycota

Question 10

Zygomycota

• asexual reproduction by ?
• sexual reproduction by ?

Answer 10

sporangiospores

zygospores

Question 11

what phyla

ex. are Rhizopus, Mucor, Rhizomucor, Absidia, Cunninghamella

Answer 11

Zygomycota

Question 12

what phyla
filamentous
produce true septate hyphae

Answer 12

ascomycota

Question 13

asexual repro of ascomycota

Answer 13

conidia formation

Question 14

sexual repro

Answer 14

ascopore

Question 15

2 forms of ascomycota

Answer 15

teleomorph and anamorph

Question 16

what phyla is ubiquitous in nature

Answer 16

ascomycota

Question 17

– fungi that have different asexual forms of the same fungus

Answer 17

*Synanomorphs

Question 18

sexual reproduction of basidiomycota

Answer 18

basidiopores

Question 19

plant pathogens; rarely cause disease in humans

Answer 19

basidiomycota

Question 20

-includes the smuts, rusts mushrooms, Cryptococcus neoformans complex

Answer 20

basidiomycota

Question 21

– teleomorphic form of Cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 21

*Filobasidiella neoformans

Question 22

– lack a sexual reproductive cycle

-asexual reproduction through conidia

Answer 22

4. Deuteromycota

Question 23

also called fungi imperfecti

Answer 23

Deuteromycota

Question 24

dimorphic fungus; has not been assigned to any phylum so it is placed in the order Incertae sedis

Answer 24

Blastomyces dermatitidis –

Question 25

in which order is Blastomyces dermatitidis assigned

Answer 25

Incertae sedis

Question 26

classification of fungi based on type of infection

Answer 26

superficial or cutaneous deep or systemic subcutaneous opportunistic

Question 27

-involve the hair, skin, or nails without direct invasion of deeper tissue

Answer 27

superficial or cutaneous

Question 28

mycoses which all infect keratinized tissues

Answer 28

superficial or cutaneous

Question 29

– causes infection to the subcutaneous tissue only (no dissemination to other sites)

Answer 29

Subcutaneous mycoses

Question 30

examples are Chronomoblastomycosis, mycetoma, phaeohyphomycotic cysts

Answer 30

Subcutaneous mycoses

Question 31

most common opportunistic mycoses

Answer 31

* Aspergillus * Candida * Cryptococcus

Question 32

– may cause deeply invasive phaeohyphomycoses (produce brown-pigmented structures)

Answer 32

*Dematiaceous fungi

Question 33

type of pathogen which occurs in immunocompromised host | -not always as virulent, may lead to subclinical disease

Answer 33

primary

Question 34

type of pathogen, almost any fungus present in the environment

Answer 34

opportunistic

Question 35

virulence factors (4)

Answer 35

* Size (should be small to reach alveoli) * Ability to grow at 37C and neutral pH * Conversion of dimorphic fungi from mycelial form to corresponding yeast or spherule form in the host * Toxin production

Question 36

Many fungi have a primary focus in the lungs, thus ___ are almost always included among specimens selected for culture.

Answer 36

respiratory secretions

Question 37

antifungal agent - prevents overgrowth by rapidly growing molds - should be included in at least one of the culture media

Answer 37

cycloheximide

Question 38

amount of RT secretions for inoculation

Answer 38

0.5 ml

Question 39

CSF must be filtered through a __ um membrane filter attached to a sterile syringe

Answer 39

0.45 um

Question 40

CSF Specimen | If

Answer 40

1-drop aliquots

Question 41

CSF | Media should have no ____

Answer 41

antibacterial or antifungal agents

Question 42

if CSF processing is delayed, w

Answer 42

* keep at room temperature | * or place in a 30C incubator

Question 43

Automated blood culture systems (3)

Answer 43

* BACTEC * BacT/ALERT * VersaTREK

Question 44

lysis-centrifugation system - for dimorphic fungi from blood - optimal for H. capsulatum recovery and other filamentous fungi

Answer 44

ISOLATOR

Question 45

Isolator is optimal for ____ recovery and other filamentous fungi

Answer 45

H. capsulatum

Question 46

temp and incubation time for blood specime

Answer 46

optimal temperature: 30C and incubation time: 21 days

Question 47

-submitted for dermatophyte culture

Answer 47

Hair, Skin, Nail Scrapings

Question 48

hair, skin, nail obtained by

Answer 48

scraping

Question 49

hair, skin, nail obtained by scraping using

Answer 49

scalpel blade or microscope slide

Question 50

mycosel agar contains

Answer 50

cycloheximide and chloramphenicol