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Flashcards in Obesity II Deck (32)
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1
Q

What is the key thing to change in treating obesity?

A

Lifestyle

2
Q

What is considered “successful” weight loss?

A

10% maintained over one year

3
Q

When is a very low calorie diet indicated?

A

BMI 30+ with obesity comorbidities

4
Q

How many calories is a very low weight loss diet?

A

800 calories or less

5
Q

How long do very low calorie diets last?

A

12-16 weeks

6
Q

What specific nutrient are VLCDs high in? Why?

A

Protein

Maintain lean muscle mass

7
Q

Is it okay to resume a 2000 calorie diet once the VLCD is finished?

A

No–need to slowly build back up

8
Q

What is the SMART mnemonic for goal setting?

A
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Time bound
9
Q

The central concept of motivational interviewing is to do what?

A

Identify
Evaluate
Resolve
Ambivalence

10
Q

How is motivational interviewing evocative?

A

Client does most of the talking

11
Q

Drug treatment for obesity is indicated for whom?

A

BMI 30+ or 27+ with comorbidities

12
Q

Drug treatment for obesity should always be accompanied by what?

A

Weight loss program

13
Q

What is the MOA of Orlistat?

A

Lipase inhibitor that blocks fat absorption from the gastric/duodenal mucosa

14
Q

What are the side effects of Orlistat?

A

Fecal discharge

Flatulence

15
Q

What is the MOA of phentermine/Topiramate ER?

A

Phentermine = decreases appetite

Topiramate = anticonvulsant that prolongs satiety

16
Q

How long is the phentermine/topiramate regime?

A

12 weeks

17
Q

What is gastric banding?

A

Band around upper part of the stomach, limiting amount of food

18
Q

What is the most likely side effect of gastric banding?

A

Emesis

19
Q

What is sleeve gastrectomy?

A

Removal of the body of the stomach

20
Q

What is a Roux-en-Y?

A

Tube connecting upper part of stomach with the distal small intestine

21
Q

What are the problems with Roux-en-Y?

A

Nutritional deficiencies

Need lifelong supplements

22
Q

What is dumping syndrome?

A

ingested foods bypass the stomach too rapidly and enter the small intestine largely undigested. Pulls blood volume out into intestines

23
Q

What are the complications of bariatric surgery?

A

Anastomosis leaks (peritonitis/sepsis)

Stomal ulceration

24
Q

What is the stomal ulceration associated with bariatric surgery?

A

Overabundant acid in pouch leads to excessive acid passing through stoma

25
Q

Dumping syndrome can be set off how?

A

High sugar inntake

26
Q

What causes the constipation following bariatric surgery?

A

Dehydration

Ca and Fe supplementation

27
Q

What causes the Fe deficiency seen in ROux-en-Y surgeries?

A

Low gastric acid level prevent Fe cleavage from food

Little nutrient exposure to intestines

28
Q

What is the cause of B12 deficiency in bariatric surgery pts?

A

Affects secretion of intrinsic factor

29
Q

How do you prevent B12 deficiency with roux-en-y pts?

A

Oral supplementation

30
Q

What is the cause of folate deficiency in bariatric surgery pts?

A

No B12 absorption = no folate absorption

Decreased consumption

31
Q

What is the cause of low Vit D levels in bariatric surgery pts?

A

Bypasses duodenum

32
Q

What is the cause of low Ca levels in bariatric surgery pts?

A

Bypasses duodenum

Low Vit D absoprtion